A specialized type that guarantees a string union includes a particular string literal

I need to define a Mapped type that specifies a field named status which can be either a string or the string value ready:

This example works as expected:

export type ValidServiceState = HasReady<{ status: "ready" }>;

The following should work, but it currently results in mapping to 'never' due to extra values in the union.

// this should be good because ready is one of the allowable values
export type ValidServiceState = HasReady<{ status: "ready" | "bananas" }>;

However, this scenario correctly maps to never:

// should be never
export type InvalidServiceState = HasReady<{ status: "not_ready"  |  "something_else_that_is_not_ready" }>;

I attempted the following approach:

type HasReady<S extends { status: string } > = S extends { status: "ready" }
  ? S
  : never;

But this implementation only allows for a strict { status: "ready}

Below is a consolidated version of the code snippet:

type HasReady<S extends { status: string }> = S extends { status: "ready" }
  ? S
  : never;

// this should be good because ready is one of the allowable values
export type ValidServiceState = HasReady<{ status: "ready" | "bananas" }>;

// never
export type InvalidServiceState = HasReady<{ status: "not_ready" }>;

Here is a handy playground link for the above code

Answer №1

It is recommended to switch the positions of extends in the type definition:

type HasReady<S extends { status: string }> = { status: "ready" } extends S 
  ? S
  : never;

Explanation:

{ status: "ready" | "bananas" } extends { status: "ready" } ? { status: "ready" | "bananas" } : never

-->

({ status: "ready" } extends { status: "ready" } ? { status: "ready" | "bananas" } : never) & ({ status: "bananas" } extends { status: "ready" } ? { status: "ready" | "bananas" } : never)

-->

{ status: "ready" | "bananas" } & never

-->

never

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