Add TypeScript typings for npm utility manually by incorporating type definitions

I'm in the process of incorporating TypeScript into an existing JavaScript project, and I'm currently facing the challenge of adding typings to an npm module that lacks type definitions, which I anticipate will be a common issue.

When I try to import the module using

import X from 'foo';

I encounter an error stating Cannot find module 'foo'

Within my typings/modules directory, I have created a foo folder containing an index.d.ts file with the following content:

declare module foo {
    export default class XXX{

    }
}

In the main typings/index.d.ts file, I've included

/// <reference path="modules/foo/index.d.ts" />

Yet, the problem persists.

Here is a snippet of my tsconfig.json configuration file:

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target": "esnext",
        "baseUrl": "./src",
        "jsx": "react",
        "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
        "allowJs": true,
        "moduleResolution": "node",
        "module": "es2015",
        "experimentalDecorators": true,
        "lib": ["es2015", "dom"],
        "typeRoots" : ["./typings/modules", "./node_modules/@types"]
    },
    "include": [
        "./src/**/*.ts",
        "./src/**/*.tsx"
    ]
}

Answer №1

Remember to always use quotes when declaring your module:

declare module "foo" {
    export default class XXX{

    }
}

It may seem odd, but modules declared without quotes are essentially acting as namespaces. This means you're not actually defining a module in your code.

According to the official documentation:

“Internal modules” have now been renamed to “namespaces”. Similarly, “External modules” are now referred to simply as “modules”, aligning with ECMAScript 2015's vocabulary (such as module X { being equivalent to namespace X {).

For further clarification, check out: Understanding the distinction between declaring a module in TypeScript with or without quotes

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