Angular 2 decorators grant access to private class members

Take a look at this piece of code:

export class Character {
    constructor(private id: number, private name: string) {}
}

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    template: '<h1>{{title}}</h1><h2>{{character.name}} details!</h2>'
})
export class AppComponent {
    private title = "Adventure with Characters";
    private character: Character = new Character(1, "Elena");
}

In the AppComponent's template, I accessed character.name, even though it is marked as private in the Character class and technically should not be accessible. How does this code compile and run successfully? Am I overlooking something?

UPDATE: After reading through the explanations provided, I came up with my approach to this issue. Although it doesn't fix the problem entirely, it enhances organization and adds an extra layer of security. Using accessors is always beneficial:

export class Character {
    constructor(private _id: number, private _name: string) { }

    get name(): string {
        return this._name;
    }

    get id(): number {
        return this._id;
    }
}

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    template: '<h1>{{title}}</h1><h2>{{character.name}} details!</h2>'
})
export class AppComponent {
    private title = "Adventure with Characters";
    private character: Character = new Character(1, "Elena");
}

By defining getter functions within the TypeScript code, calling character.name in JavaScript should trigger the corresponding getter function, offering some control over the properties while adhering to TypeScript conventions.

Answer №1

When working with JavaScript, it's important to note that private variables do not exist within the language itself. The use of keywords like private is primarily a feature of TypeScript, which imposes restrictions before converting code into JavaScript through transpilation. As a result, once the code is transpiled, the name property becomes a visible member of the Hero class.

Answer №2

In TypeScript, the `private` keyword is primarily used for compile-time checking and does not enforce access restrictions at runtime. This means that the TypeScript compiler may not catch issues related to accessing private members in your templates.

Although IDEs like VS Code and WebStorm are making progress in terms of type-checking templates, it's important to remember that you may still need to be vigilant about enforcing access restrictions on your own.

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