Assign a value to a variable using a function in Typescript

Is there a way in typescript to explicitly indicate that a function is responsible for assigning value to a variable?

UPDATED CODE

Here, the code has been simplified. While getText() ensures that it will never be undefined, this may not hold true in subsequent calls.

class MyClass {

  text: string | undefined = undefined

  setText = (str: string) => {
    this.text = str
  }

  getText = (): string => {

    /* The variable "this.text" will never be undefined */
    if (!this.text) {
      this.setText('TS test')
      //this.text = 'TS test' /* No TS error */
    }

    return this.text // => TS ERROR: Type 'undefined' is not assignable to type 'string'
  }
}

Answer №1

It is not recommended to set variables outside the scope of a function. However, if you insist on using this pattern, you can utilize a type guard to ensure that the variable is defined before performing any actions on it.

if (text) {
  text.toUpperCase();
}

By using a conditional statement like this, TypeScript can determine the type of the variable since the code will only execute if the variable is not undefined.

When following the "global variable" approach with setters, it's important to consider TypeScript's behavior of treating these variables as potentially any type in the union -- because they have the potential to be any of those types.

Answer №2

Another helpful technique is to utilize assertion functions

let textValue: string | undefined

function setTextContent(str: string, inputVar: any): asserts inputVar {
  inputVar = str
}

setTextContent('Trying out TypeScript', textValue)

textValue.toUpperCase() // works fine

Just remember, the variable textValue should always be included in the function signature

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