Attempting to create a fresh string by substituting certain characters with different ones

Exploring TypeScript, I encountered a puzzle where I needed to substitute specific characters in a string with other characters. Essentially, replacing A with T, T with A, C with G, and G with C.

The initial code snippet provided to me looked like this:

export class Kata {
      static dnaStrand(dna: string) {
        //your code here
      }
    }

The expected outcomes should be:

dnaStrand("ATTGC") // returns "TAACG"
    
dnaStrand("GTAT") // returns "CATA"

My initial approach involved using a for loop to traverse the string and generate a new string by replacing the specified characters. However, upon testing the code on jsfiddle, I encountered the error message: Unexpected token 'export'. I'm seeking assistance in resolving this issue. I believed that iterating over the string and sequentially replacing the characters using the replace method was a potential solution. Is this the best course of action?

export class Kata {
  static dnaStrand(dna: string) {
    for (let i = 0; i < dna.length; i++){
        dna = dna.replace('A','T').replace('T', 'A').replace('C', 'G').replace('G', 'C');
    }
    return dna;
  }
}

Kata.dnaStrand("ATTGC"); 

Answer №1

The method you are using to replace characters is currently ineffective.

The replace function works by creating a new string from the original string with all instances of strMatch replaced by strReplace and returning the modified string. (For more information, visit: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace)

In your current approach, there are two main reasons why it will not work as expected:

  1. Calling the replace function within a for loop will result in the replacement being performed dna.length times, whereas you only want it to be done once.

  2. Chaining multiple replace calls is counterproductive. For example, replacing A with T and then replacing T with A will not give the desired result, as each replace call operates on a new string, not the original one.

An alternative approach would be to iterate over the string array and construct the new string by directly adding the corresponding replacement value for each character from dna[i].

A simplified solution could look like this:

static dnaStrand(dna: string): string {
  let newDna: string = '';
  const map: Record<string, string> = {'A': 'T', 'T': 'A', 'G': 'C', 'C': 'G'};
  for (let i = 0; i < dna.length; i++){
    newDna += map[dna[i]]; 
  }

  return newDna;
}

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