Automated mocking of function dependencies for efficient unit testing in TypeScript

I need assistance in developing a utility function for my unit tests that can automatically mock all dependencies of a function in a functional programming style using TypeScript.

For instance:

Suppose I have a function like this:

createBreakfast(deps);

Here, deps represents an interface of type Deps for the createBreakfast function:

export interface Deps {
scrambleEggs:(numberOfEggs: number, ingredients: Ingredients) => Promise<string>;
makeToast:({wantButter, howManyPieces, personMakingTheToast}:{wantButter:boolean, howManyPieces: number, personMakingTheToast: Person}) => Promise<string>;
}

In order to conduct unit testing effectively, I may want to mock scrambleEggs and personMakingTheToast while customizing the behavior of makeToast.

For example:

const scrambleEggs = jest.fn();
const makeToast = jest.fn();
const personMakingTheToast = jest.fn();
const deps = {scrambleEggs, makeToast, personMakingTheToast}
makeToast.mockReturnValueOnce("It's ready");
const result = await createBreakfast(deps);

I am seeking a helper function that can automate the process of mocking functions, parameters, or any other elements if not explicitly provided:

Sample code snippet:

const makeToast = jest.fn();
makeToast.mockReturnValueOnce("It's ready");
const deps= createDeps<createBreakfast>(makeToast);
//Since scrambleEggs and personMakingTheToast were not passed as arguments,
//I expect createDeps to identify this and automatically mock them by inspecting 
//the createBreakfast function
const result = await createBreakfast(deps);

Can someone assist me in writing the implementation for the createDeps function?

The function should be able to adapt dynamically as the size of the function grows. I intend to reuse this function across all my unit tests to simplify the testing process.

Answer №1

It's not feasible to achieve what you're asking for during runtime.

TypeScript types/interfaces are solely utilized by the type checker and do not translate into executable code, limiting their accessibility at runtime.

In a hypothetical scenario where it is possible, you would need to utilize the TypeScript typeof operator to pass a function's signature to a type parameter:

const deps = createDeps<typeof createBreakfast>(makeToast);

However, even in this case, createDeps wouldn't have direct access to createBreakfast at runtime, necessitating the inclusion of the actual function itself as well. Nonetheless, this approach still wouldn't enable "reflection" on the function signature during runtime.

A potential solution could involve using a tool like Babel to generate mock function code from the original TypeScript source code of the function being tested (e.g., createBreakfast) along with its dependencies (e.g., interface Deps). During compilation, analysis of the function signature and associated types allows for the generation of corresponding test code.

If you decide to pursue this route, keep in mind that Jest already utilizes Babel for transpilation purposes to ensure compatibility with Node.js environments.

Answer №2

Below is an example of the generateDependencies function tailored to fit your specific requirements:

import { mocked } from 'ts-jest/utils';

function generateDependencies<T>(partialDeps: Partial<T>): T {
  const keys = Object.keys(partialDeps) as Array<keyof T>;

  const dependencies = {} as T;

  keys.forEach(key => {
    if (partialDeps[key]) {
      // Use provided dependency
      dependencies[key] = partialDeps[key] as any;
    } else {
      // Generate mock dependency if not provided
      dependencies[key] = jest.fn() as any;
    }
  });

  return dependencies;
}

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