Best practices for managing types with ES6 Map<K,V> functions in Typescript

My current setup involves a class structured like this:

export class Broker<T> implements BrokerContract<T> {

  topicToSubscribersMap: Map<string, Set<Subscriber<T>>>;
                            .
                            .
                            .

  public registerSubscriber(topic: string, subscriber: Subscriber<T>): void {

        if (this.topicToSubscribersMap.get(topic)) {
            let currentSubscribers: Set<Subscriber<T>> = this.topicToSubscribersMap.get(topic);
        }
  }


                           .
                           .
}




Within the registerSubscriber function, there is an issue where Typescript raises a complaint about assigning type of V | undefined to V because the get method on Map returns V | undefined.

I am aware of two possible solutions -

let currentSubscribers: Set<Subscriber<T>> = <Set<Subscriber<T>>>this.topicToSubscribersMap.get(topic);

or

let currentSubscribers: Set<Subscriber<T>> = this.topicToSubscribersMap.get(topic) as Set<Subscriber<T>>;

However, I find it unnecessary to do this extra check when already verifying for undefined in the preceding if statement.

Given that the signature itself of the get method from Map specifies a return type of V | undefined, and considering this scenario might be common with it - what would be the most effective approach to handle such situations?

Answer №1

TypeScript faces limitations in accurately narrowing down the results of a function call due to its assumption that the call may not be pure and could potentially provide different outputs for the same inputs on subsequent calls.

To overcome this, it is recommended to assign the result of the function call to a variable first:

const topic = this.topicToSubscribersMap.get(topic);
if (topic){
    // The variable 'topic' is now narrowed down to type Set<Subscriber<T>>
}

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