By pairing delay(0) with refCount(), we can achieve optimal efficiency

The refCount operator is discussed in this article. It explains the necessity of adding delay(0) to prevent unsubscription of observable A: import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";

    const source = Observable.defer(() => Observable.of(
    Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)
    )).delay(0);

Is 0 always sufficient? Simply put, does setting it to zero ensure that the notification will be delayed until all m.subscribe() statements are executed, especially if they immediately follow the multicast statement as shown:

const m = source.multicast(() => new Subject<number>()).refCount();
m.subscribe(observer("a"));
m.subscribe(observer("b"));

In this scenario, only observers a and b are subscribed. If a million more observers were added after the multicast statement, would using delay(0) still guarantee that all subscriptions are completed before the first source notification occurs?

Answer №1

To comprehend the situation, it is essential to understand the following:

  • JavaScript operates on a single thread;
  • Asynchronous events are managed in an event loop (also known as Micro Task and Macro Task);
  • When an asynchronous event occurs, it is added to the Event loop;
  • Following the addition of an async event to the Event loop, JavaScript continues with synchronous code execution;
  • Once all synchronous code has been processed, the events from the Event loop are executed.

This Observable will behave synchronously if you do not include delay(0):

const source = Observable.defer(() => Observable.of(
Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)
)).delay(0);

Upon the subscription being made (which is synchronous), the Observable emits immediately due to synchronous behavior. However, by adding delay(0) (similar to using setTimeout), JavaScript will hold off until all synchronous code (all instances of source.subscribe() in this case) have been completed before running the asynchronous delay(0).

In the following example:

const m = source.multicast(() => new Subject<number>()).refCount();
m.subscribe(observer("a"));
m.subscribe(observer("b"));

The Observable source becomes asynchronous after its emission undergoes delay(0). As a result, the subsequent synchronous code will proceed (all other occurrences of source.subscribe()) before the synchronous delay(0) triggers.

Hence, this setup can handle even millions of source.subscribe() calls in a secure manner.

p.s.

multicast(() => new Subject<number>()).refCount()
functions identically to share() - it employs multicast with a Subject factory while monitoring active subscriptions using refCount.

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