Can we verify if strings can serve as valid property names for interfaces?

Let's consider an interface presented below:

interface User {
    id: string;
    name: string;
    age: number;
}

We also have a method defined as follows:

function getUserValues(properties:string[]):void {
    Ajax.fetch("user", properties).then((user:User) => alert(user));
}

An example of a correct call would be:

getUserValues("id", "name", "age");

However, using invalid property names like this will result in an error:

getUserValues("bogus", "stuff", "what_even_am_i_doing");

My goal is to ensure that the properties array only contains valid property names from the User interface. Is there a way to achieve this? I'm seeking a solution to maintain safety in this context.

Answer №1

To accomplish this, you have the option to utilize the keyof keyword:

function fetch<T, K extends keyof T>(object: T, property: K): void { ... };

Answer №2

Is there a way to ensure that only valid property names of the User interface are utilized for properties? I want to make sure my code is safe, any suggestions?

To achieve this safety, you can use string literal types in a union:

function getUserValues(properties:('id'|'name'|'age')[]):any[] {
    Ajax.fetch("user", properties).then((user:User) => alert(user));
}

If needed, you can also consider using code generation to automate the creation of the union type from the interfaces.

For more information

https://basarat.gitbooks.io/typescript/content/docs/types/stringLiteralType.html

Automatic Generation through Interface

Currently, there isn't a declarative way to directly specify "valid property names of this interface are the members of this string literal union". However, generating code like the following is a possible solution:

interface User {
    id: string;
    name: string;
    age: number;
}
// Generated or maintained manually to mirror the `User` interface
type UserPropertyNames = 'id' | 'name' | 'age';

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