This guide demonstrates the syntax for Object Destruction in Typescript and shows how to assign values to new variables:
An example of your code converted to classic javascript using an online parser can be seen as:
const selectAllItems = adapter.getSelectors(state => state.items).selectAll;
Another illustration provided by TS Docs is:
// structure
const obj = {"some property": "some value"};
// destructure
const {"some property": someProperty} = obj;
console.log(someProperty === "some value"); // true
This concept is similar to Object destruction in Javascript such as:
const {x, y} = {x: 10, y: 20};
console.log(x, y); // 10 20
In addition, a property can be extracted from an object and mapped to a variable with a different name than the original property (From MDN Docs)
var o = {p: 42, q: true};
var {p: foo, q: bar} = o;
console.log(foo); // 42
console.log(bar); // true
For instance, var {p: foo} = o
retrieves the property named p from object o and assigns it to a local variable named foo.