Choose a universal interface type based on a specified string parameter

I am currently in the process of attempting to invoke a generic function by passing a dynamically-selected handler. The handler's parameter contains a `type` field that corresponds to a type string provided by the user. I am facing uncertainty on how to represent this scenario in TypeScript. What adjustments can I make to my types so that `problemFunction` accurately determines the generic type when calling `getAndUseFoo`?

interface Foo {
  type: string;
}
interface FooA {
  type: 'A';
}
interface FooB {
  type: 'B';
}

const handlers = {
  A: (fooA: FooA) => console.log(fooA),
  B: (fooB: FooB) => console.log(fooB),
}

// An untyped library function that we know returns a type extending Foo
function fooFactory(type: string): any {
  return type === 'A' ? {type: 'A'} : {type: 'B'};
}

// Retrieves a Foo instance and invokes a handler on it before performing additional tasks
function getAndUseFoo<T extends Foo>(type: string, handler: (foo: T) => any) {
  const foo: T = fooFactory(type);
  handler(foo);
  // Carry out more operations using foo
}

function problemFunction(type: 'A' | 'B') {
  // TypeScript is detecting handlers[type] as a union type with mismatched types
  const foo = getAndUseFoo(type, handlers[type]);
}

Answer №1

There doesn't seem to be a definitive solution for this issue. One option is to repeat the code to guide the compiler through different scenarios:

function handleProblem(type: 'A' | 'B') {
  const result = (type === 'A') ? 
    processData(type, handlers[type]) : 
    processData(type, handlers[type]) ; // déjà vu
}

Alternatively, you could opt for a type assertion, which may not guarantee type safety:

function handleProblem(type: 'A' | 'B') {
  const result = processData(type, handlers[type] as (data:Data)=>void); // danger
}

I've submitted a request for addressing this matter, urging the compiler to analyze control flow across union types. However, unless there is significant demand (e.g., endorse the issue with a 👍 and explain your use case), it might not receive serious consideration. In my opinion, resorting to a type assertion is straightforward and intended for situations where you possess more knowledge than the compiler. Therefore, that would be my recommendation.

I hope this information proves helpful. Best of luck!

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