Converting Interfaces from Typescript to Javascript

Can the interface in typescript be converted into Javascript? If so, what is the process for converting the typescript code shown below into Javascript.

interface xyz{
  something? : string, 
  somethingStyle? : Textstyle
} 

Answer №1

JavaScript does not include built-in support for interfaces. Interfaces are a feature mainly used by compilers in other programming languages.

Answer №2

Although your inquiry may not explicitly mention it, I am assuming that you are looking to transform the compile time check into a runtime check automatically. To address this, I have referenced this resource as a foundation for my response.

Beginning with your example and expanding on what Textstyle could entail, we have created xyz.ts:

interface Textstyle {
  bold: boolean;
  font: string;
}

export interface xyz {
  something?: string;
  somethingStyle?: Textstyle;
}

Next, we proceed to install the necessary dependencies for our example (as shown in the shell session below):

$ echo '{"private":true}' >package.json
$ npm install --save-dev typescript @tsconfig/recommended ts-json-schema-generator
$ echo '{"extends":"@tsconfig/recommended/tsconfig.json"}' >tsconfig.json
$ npx ts-json-schema-generator --path 'xyz.ts' >xyz_schema.json

Upon examining the output produced by ts-json-schema-generator in the file xyz_schema.json, we uncover:

{
  "$ref": "#/definitions/xyz",
  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
  "definitions": {
    "xyz": {
      "additionalProperties": false,
      "properties": {
        "something": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "somethingStyle": {
          "additionalProperties": false,
          "properties": {
            "bold": {
              "type": "boolean"
            },
            "font": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "bold",
            "font"
          ],
          "type": "object"
        }
      },
      "type": "object"
    }
  }
}

Given that JSON schema is a standardized format, we can leverage various tools to validate our objects against it. Below is a script utilizing Ajv:

const Ajv = require("ajv");
const schema = require("./xyz_schema.json");

const ajv = new Ajv();
const validate = ajv.compile(schema);

const x1 = {
  something: "hello world",
  somethingStyle: {
    bold: true,
    font: "comic sans",
  },
};

const x2 = {
  wibbles: "wobble",
};

const testCases = [x1, x2];

testCases.forEach((x, i) => {
  const valid = validate(x);
  if (valid) {
    console.log(`test case ${i} is valid`);
  } else {
    console.error(`test case ${i} is invalid`);
    console.error(validate.errors);
  }
});

The above code results in the following output:

test case 0 is valid
test case 1 is invalid
[
  {
    instancePath: '',
    schemaPath: '#/definitions/xyz/additionalProperties',
    keyword: 'additionalProperties',
    params: { additionalProperty: 'wibbles' },
    message: 'must NOT have additional properties'
  }
]

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