Create a const assertion to combine all keys from an object into a union type

I am working with an object similar to this (demo link):

const locations = {
    city: {name: 'New York'},
    country: {name: 'United States'},
    continent: {name: 'North America'}
} as const

My goal is to create a union type that includes all the keys used in the object:

type LocationNames = keyof typeof locations; // "city" | "country" | "continent"

In addition, I want to ensure type safety when initializing the locations object like this (example link):

interface ILocationDetails {
    name: string;
}

const locations: Record<string, ILocationDetails> = {
    city: {name: 'New York'},
    country: {name: 'United States'},
    continent: {name: 'North America'}
} as const

While this approach provides type checking during initialization, it removes the const assertion and causes the resulting union type to default to strings:

type LocationNames = keyof typeof locations; // string

Question: Is there a way to retain both strong typing during initialization of

Record<any, ILocationDetails>
and extract all keys into a new union type?

Workaround: One workaround is to reassign the typed sites to an exported variable (example link):

const LocationsTyped: Record<LocationNames, ILocationDetails> = locations;

Answer №1

One common approach is to use an identity function, which allows you to limit your inputs while still utilizing their specific types, as demonstrated in this TypeScript Playground demo:

function defineSites<T extends Record<string, ISiteDetails>>(template: T) {
    return template;
}

const sites = defineSites({
    stackoverflow: {url: 'https://stackoverflow.com/'},
    google: {url: 'https://www.google.com/'},
    azure: {url: 'https://portal.azure.com/'}
})

Sometimes, I utilize a concise one-liner called the higher order identity.

export const HOI = <Constraint> () => <T extends Constraint> (definition: T) => definition;

export const defineSites = HOI<Record<string, ISiteDetails>>();
// usage remains unchanged

If needed in a .tsx file, you might consider converting it into a function:

export function HOI<Constraint>() { 
    return () => <T extends Constraint> (definition: T) => definition;
}

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