Create a custom data structure resembling a record, where certain keys are assigned specific value types

My objective is to establish a custom type resembling a record, where certain keys are designated for specific value types.

The proposed object would look something like this:

const o: TRec = {
    text: "abc",
    width: 123,
    height: 456,
    //...any string key with a numerical value
}

In this scenario, "text" must exclusively be associated with a string value, while all other keys should have numeric values.

Despite various attempts, I have been unable to define the TRec type successfully.

I have experimented with different approaches as shown below, but none of them fulfill the requirements outlined above. The compiler keeps generating the following error message:

Property 'text' is incompatible with index signature. Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'number'.

type TRec = Record<string, number> &{
    text: string;
}

type TRec = {
    [key: string]: number;
    text: string;
}

type TRec = Omit<Record<string, number>, "text"> & {
    text: string;
}

Any suggestions on how to resolve this issue?

Answer №1

Index signatures are a powerful feature in TypeScript that affect all elements of the type matching the signature.

Unlike some other languages, TypeScript currently lacks support for specifying "everything except specified keys" due to the absence of negated types. As a workaround, developers often use a dedicated key to handle additional properties in a more TypeScript-friendly manner:

type Bar = { b: 1; extra: { [y: string]: 3 } }

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