Creating a factory function for a generic class without repeating the signature

Here is an example code snippet:

interface ValueGenerator {
    next(): any;
}

class NumberGenerator {
    next(): number {
        return 1;
    }
}

class ArrayMaker<T extends ValueGenerator> {

    private generator: T;
    constructor(valueGenerator: T) {
        this.generator = valueGenerator;
    }

    makeArray(): Array<ReturnType<T['next']>> {
        return [this.generator.next()];
    }
}

const numGen = new NumberGenerator();
const func1 = <T extends ValueGenerator>(t: T) => new ArrayMaker(t);
const func2 = (...args: ConstructorParameters<typeof ArrayMaker>) => new ArrayMaker(...args)
const array1 = func1(numGen);
const array2 = func2(numGen);

// Generates a number[]
const result1 = array1.makeArray();
// Generates any[]
const result2 = array2.makeArray();

Looking for a way to create a factory function for ArrayMaker without writing the correct signature manually like in func1? It would be ideal to use something similar to func2, but it's not working as expected. While func2 infers the constructor parameters correctly, it doesn't infer the return type of array2.makeArray.

Answer №1

If you manually create a function, the compiler may not infer a generic function for you. However, TypeScript 3.4 introduced support for higher order type inference in generic functions and TypeScript 3.5 followed with the corresponding support for generic constructor functions. This feature allows you to write a generic higher order function that takes a function as input and returns a function. The compiler will attempt to automatically make the output generic if the input was generic. While the inference algorithm is not flawless, it serves its purpose well, such as creating a generic "constructor-to-factory" function:

function ctorToFactory<A extends any[], R>(ctor: new (...args: A) => R): (...args: A) => R {
    return (...args) => new ctor(...args);
}

If you use this function on ArrayGenerator, you will get a generic fn2 without needing to manually specify it:

const fn2 = ctorToFactory(ArrayGenerator);
// const fn2: <T extends ValueGenerator>(valueGenerator: T) => ArrayGenerator<T>
const generator2 = fn2(numGenerator);
const b = generator2.next(); // number[]

I hope this explanation helps! Best of luck!

Link to code

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