Creating a Typescript constructor and factory function with the same name: a complete guide

I have a Typescript definition file to create for a pre-existing Javascript library. Within this library, there are functions that can act as constructors or factories. How should I structure the typings to accommodate both?

For reference, here are specific examples of the calls outlined in the README:

var streamParser = N3.StreamParser();
var streamParser = new N3.StreamParser();

Currently, my approach only supports the factory method.

function Parser(options?: ParserOptions): N3Parser;

To enable the use of the new keyword, creating a class seems like the obvious solution.

class Parser {
  constructor(options? : ParserOptions);
}

However, these two approaches seem incompatible. The introduction to the deep dive into declaration files suggests compatibility is achievable, but lacks an example.

Note: The following two definitions are compatible, but with limitations...

interface Parser {
  new: (options? : ParserOptions) => N3Parser;
}

function Parser(options? : ParserOptions): N3Parser;

Answer №1

To implement a similar approach as shown in the lib.d.ts file, you can create interfaces for Parser and ParserConstructor with corresponding methods:

interface DataProcessor {}

interface DataProcessorConstructor {
    new (options?: DataProcessorOptions): DataProcessor;
    (options?: DataProcessorOptions): DataProcessor;
}

declare const DataProcessor: DataProcessorConstructor;

let dp1 = DataProcessor();
let dp2 = new DataProcessor();

(Code Playground Link)

Answer №2

Nitzan Tomer's response is right on target.

In my unique scenario, the object being created has a different interface and requires some constructor overloading. The snippet below demonstrates how the constructor can easily accommodate these specific needs.

interface N3Parser { }
interface ParserOptions {[key: string]: string }

interface SpecializedConstructor {
    new (options?: ParserOptions): N3Parser;
    (options?: ParserOptions): N3Parser;

    new (fd: any, options?: ParserOptions): N3Parser;
    (fd: any, options?: ParserOptions): N3Parser;
}
declare const CustomParser: SpecializedConstructor;

let instance1 = CustomParser();
let instance2 = new CustomParser();

let instance3 = CustomParser({ x: "y" });
let instance4 = new CustomParser(3, { x: "y" });

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