Creating a Typescript mixin function that accepts a generic type from the main class

I am working with the code snippet shown below:

// Types found on https://stackoverflow.com/a/55468194
type Constructor<T = {}> = new (...args: any[]) => T;
/* turns A | B | C into A & B & C */
type UnionToIntersection<U> = (U extends any ? (k: U) => void : never) extends ( k: infer I ) => void ? I : never;
/* merges constructor types - self explanitory */
type MergeConstructorTypes<T extends Array<Constructor<any>>> = UnionToIntersection<InstanceType<T[number]>>;

var Mixin = function <T extends Constructor[]>(
  ...mixins: T
): Constructor<MergeConstructorTypes<T>> {
  const MixinSuperClass: Constructor<MergeConstructorTypes<T>> = class {
  } as Constructor<MergeConstructorTypes<T>>;
  return MixinSuperClass;
};

type all = "all1" | "all2";

class ClassA<T extends string = all | "a1" | "a2"> {
  hopa(p: T | all) {
    return 'a' + p;
  }
}

class ClassB {
  hopb(p: all) {
    return 'b' + p;
  }
}

class ClassOK extends Mixin(ClassA<"aa">, ClassB) { }
const c = new ClassOK;
c.hopa("aa"); // the "aa" value has been autocompleted

class ClassKO<T extends string = ""> extends Mixin(ClassA<T>, ClassB) { } // Just notice that Mixin is not limited to only 2 args
class ClassFinal extends ClassKO<"aaa"> {}
const d = new ClassKO<"a" | "b">;
d.hopa("aa"); // here there was no autocomplete while I would like to have "aa"
const de = new ClassFinal;
de.hopa("aaa"); // here there was no autocomplete while I would like to have "aaa"

Mixin is a custom function designed to provide typing for ClassOk. To streamline it, certain functional aspects were removed making the code inoperable. The key task at hand is to enable auto-completion of values when invoking de.hopa(", based on the extension of

ClassFinal which extends ClassKO<"aaa">
. The main challenge lies in defining the Mixin function with generic types...

For a more interactive experience, visit this Playground Link

Answer №1

Regrettably, TypeScript's support for higher order generic types is lacking, also known as "higher kinded types". This limitation has been highlighted in microsoft/TypeScript#1213 and other related GitHub issues. Consequently, achieving this technically remains impossible. Nevertheless:

There exists some limited support to propagate generics from generic constructors, as demonstrated in microsoft/TypeScript#31116. However, it only functions under specific circumstances. It cannot transform 'Mixin' into a variadic function, necessitating the function to be generic in both constructor arguments and return type. Despite its constraints, it provides a starting point to simulate the desired behavior.

One strategy could involve defining 'Mixin' as an overloaded function, with fixed call signatures for a limited number of inputs (up to four), where generics can propagate as intended. Beyond that limit, the function defaults to a variadic version that lacks generic propagation.

For instance, consider the following implementation:

(Code snippet provided)

While not aesthetically pleasing, this method proves functional:

(Another code snippet provided)

Generics can be passed along by creating an instance of the result derived from 'Mixin' (thus using 'Mixin(Foo, Bar)<T, U, V>' instead of 'Mixin(Foo<T>, Bar<U, V>'):

(An additional code snippet provided)

If your requirement involves a fixed number of inputs, the approach works effectively:

(More examples provided using different numbers of inputs)

Keep in mind that exceeding this fixed limit will resort to the non-generic version:

(Example showcased with more than the set limit of inputs)

Playground link to view code

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