Creating personalized responses in Nestjs - A step-by-step guide

Question

Creating personalized responses in Nestjs - A step-by-step guide

Is there a way for me to create custom responses for all my controllers in Nestjs?

My desired response format is as follows: For successful responses:

{
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  data: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

For exception cases:

{
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  error: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

How can I go about implementing this structure in Nestjs?

javascript typescript nestjs response

Answer 1

Answer №1

In the controller's function, you have the option to simply return your objects:

@Get('path')
async getResponse() {
  if(success) {
    return {
      status: string,
      code: number,
      message: string
      data: object | array | any,
      request: {
        url: string,
        method: string
      }
  } else if (error) {
    return {
      status: string,
      code: number,
      message: string
      error: object | array | any,
      request: {
        url: string,
        method: string
      }
    }
  }

Alternatively, you can utilize the expressjs Reponse and Request objects as outlined in the documentation.

If you prefer type safety, you can define your response types in another file, for example:

response.interface.ts

export interface SuccessResponse = {
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  data: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

export type ErrorResponse = {
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  error: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

Then in your controller:

@Get('path')
async getResponse(): SuccessResponse | ErrorResponse { ... }

Answer 2

In the controller's function, you have the option to simply return your objects:

@Get('path')
async getResponse() {
  if(success) {
    return {
      status: string,
      code: number,
      message: string
      data: object | array | any,
      request: {
        url: string,
        method: string
      }
  } else if (error) {
    return {
      status: string,
      code: number,
      message: string
      error: object | array | any,
      request: {
        url: string,
        method: string
      }
    }
  }

Alternatively, you can utilize the expressjs Reponse and Request objects as outlined in the documentation.

If you prefer type safety, you can define your response types in another file, for example:

response.interface.ts

export interface SuccessResponse = {
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  data: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

export type ErrorResponse = {
  status: string,
  code: number,
  message: string
  error: object | array | any,
  request: {
    url: string,
    method: string
  }
}

Then in your controller:

@Get('path')
async getResponse(): SuccessResponse | ErrorResponse { ... }

Answer 3

Answer №2

To streamline your API response formatting, I suggest implementing an interceptor in your Nest.js application. This interceptor can handle response mapping for all endpoints, allowing you to simply return the raw data. Additionally, consider creating a dedicated exception filter for handling any error scenarios effectively. By utilizing the ArgumentHost/ExecutionContext, both the interceptor and the exception filter will have access to crucial information such as request details, response objects, status codes, and more.

Answer 4

To streamline your API response formatting, I suggest implementing an interceptor in your Nest.js application. This interceptor can handle response mapping for all endpoints, allowing you to simply return the raw data. Additionally, consider creating a dedicated exception filter for handling any error scenarios effectively. By utilizing the ArgumentHost/ExecutionContext, both the interceptor and the exception filter will have access to crucial information such as request details, response objects, status codes, and more.

Answer 5

Answer №3

//response-custom.dto.ts
import { IsBoolean, IsString } from 'class-validator';

export class CustomResponseObject {
  @IsString()
  customMessage: string;

  @IsBoolean()
  hasError?: boolean;

  constructor({ customMessage, hasError }: { customMessage: string; hasError: boolean }) {
    this.customMessage = customMessage;
    this.hasError = hasError;
  }
}

// return response in controller 
return new CustomResponseObject({customMessage:"Successfully executed",hasError:false })

Answer 6

//response-custom.dto.ts
import { IsBoolean, IsString } from 'class-validator';

export class CustomResponseObject {
  @IsString()
  customMessage: string;

  @IsBoolean()
  hasError?: boolean;

  constructor({ customMessage, hasError }: { customMessage: string; hasError: boolean }) {
    this.customMessage = customMessage;
    this.hasError = hasError;
  }
}

// return response in controller 
return new CustomResponseObject({customMessage:"Successfully executed",hasError:false })

Creating personalized responses in Nestjs - A step-by-step guide

Answer №1

Answer №2

Answer №3

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