Creating synchronization mechanisms for events in JavaScript/TypeScript through the use of async/await and Promises

I have a complex, lengthy asynchronous process written in TypeScript/JavaScript that spans multiple libraries and functions. Once the data processing is complete, it triggers a function processComplete() to indicate its finish:

processComplete(); // Signaling the end of processing

The current implementation of the processComplete() function is as follows:

let finished = false;

function processComplete() {
   finished = true;
}

To check if the process is complete, other parts of the code either rely on timeouts or use process.nextTick to continuously monitor the finished variable in loops. This approach is convoluted and inefficient.

Instead, I would like to enable various async functions to utilize the await keyword to wait until the process is finished:

// This snippet will be scattered in different sections of the codebase
await /* some condition for completion */;
console.log("Process completed!");

If I were coding in C on Windows, I would employ an event synchronization primitive where the logic resembles this:

Event done;

void processComplete() {
   SetEvent(done);
}

// Elsewhere, placed in numerous locations
WaitForSingleObject(done, INFINITE);
console.log("Process completed!");

In JavaScript or TypeScript, instead of toggling a boolean flag like finished, what actions could processComplete take to wake up multiple functions waiting using await? Essentially, how can I implement event synchronization using await, async, or Promises?

Answer №1

This example closely resembles the structure of your code:

const finishProcess = params => new Promise(resolve => {
   // ...
   // Inside a callback within an async function: 
     resolve(); // Instead of setting `complete = true;`
   // ...
}));

// Somewhere else in the code
await finishProcess(params); 
console.log("Process completed successfully!");

For more details, visit: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise.

Answer №2

When considering what is meant by "other code" in this situation, the use of either the delegation pattern or observer pattern seems to be suitable.

An effective method involves utilizing JavaScript's capability to store an array of functions. For instance, your processComplete() function could execute like this:

function processComplete(){
    arrayOfFunctions.forEach(fn => fn());
}

In a separate section of your code, you can create functions that will be implemented once the process has been completed, and then add these functions to the arrayOfFunctions.

If you prefer to maintain some separation between these code segments, you can establish a distinct part of your code as a notification center. In this setup, your other code would inform the notification center of its interest in receiving notifications at the completion of the process, while the processComplete() function would simply notify the notification center when the task has concluded.

Alternatively, consider exploring the option of incorporating promises into your implementation.

Answer №3

In my TypeScript/JavaScript codebase, I find myself navigating through a complex asynchronous process that spans multiple libraries and functions.

To ensure smooth execution, I make sure that each part of the process is asynchronous and returns a promise for its partial outcome. This allows me to easily chain them together or await their completion.

Once all data has been received and processed, a function called processComplete() is triggered to indicate the end of the process.

The initiating function should return a promise that will be resolved once the entire process is done.

If fully promisifying every component seems daunting, a simpler approach is to do:

function startProcess(…);
    … // perform necessary actions
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        processComplete = resolve;
        // remember to also handle rejection in case of failure!
    });
}

Instead of merely setting a boolean value like complete to true in JavaScript or TypeScript, how can processComplete awaken multiple functions awaiting with await?

If these functions are already waiting for the result of the promise, no additional action is required. (The awaited promise inherently contains such a flag). The process simply involves:

// somewhere:
var resultPromise = startProcess(…);

// elsewhere:
await resultPromise;
… // completion of the process occurs here

Even if the promise fulfillment doesn't provide tangible results, it's advisable for synchronization purposes. (If there's nothing they're expecting, why wait at all?)

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