Customizing a generic method in typescript

I am currently working on developing a base class called AbstractQuery, which will serve as a parent class to other classes that inherit from it. The goal is to override certain methods within the child classes.

class AbstractQuery {
    public before<A, S>(context: Context<A>, args: A, source?: S): Promise<A> {
        return Promise.resolve(args);
    }
}

My intention now is to customize the AbstractQuery::before method in one of my child classes:

class FindBookByIdQuery extends AbstractQuery {
    public before(context: Context<arguments.ID>, args: arguments.ID): Promise<arguments.ID> {
        this.log.debug('hook before args', args);
        return Promise.resolve(args);
    }
}

However, I encounter an error message:

[ts] Property 'before' in type 'FindBookByIdQuery' cannot be assigned to the same property in the base type 'AbstractQuery'. Type '(context: Context, args: ID) => Promise' cannot be assigned to type '(context: Context, args: A, source?: S) => Promise'. Parameters 'context' and 'context' have incompatible types. Type 'Context' is not compatible with type 'Context'. Type 'A' cannot be assigned to type 'ID'. [2416]

Answer №1

It is important to note that TypeScript correctly identifies the error. The AbstractQuery class binds the context in its before method with its type parameter, whereas no such relationship exists in the FindBookByIdQuery class.

To enable before to exhibit variadic behavior, you can overload its definition as demonstrated in the following example:

declare abstract class Foo<T> {
    before<U>(context: U): Promise<U>;
    before(context: T): Promise<T>
}

declare class Bar<T> extends Foo<T> {
    before(context: T): Promise<T>;
}

In this scenario, the before method can either be generic (as shown in the first overload) or rely on another type. In the given example, the other type refers to the class's own type parameter.

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