Data cannot be transferred to a child element unless it has been initialized during the definition phase

Passing an array data from parent to child component has brought up some interesting scenarios:

parent.component.html:

<child-component
     ...
    [options]="students"
>
</child-component>

Status I: Setting the array on definition works perfectly fine, allowing me to access the array values in the child component.

parent.component.ts:

export class ParentComponent implements OnInit {

    students: any[] = [
        { name: "Mary" },
        { name: "Marta" },
        { name: "Kelly" },
        { name: "John" },
        { name: "Shelley" },
        { name: "Frankstein" },
        { name: "Shierley" },
        { name: "Igor" }
    ];
}

child.component.ts:

export class ChildComponent implements OnInit {

    @Input() options: any[]= [];
}

Status II: However, when I set the array using a method instead of the definition, the input value turns out to be null. I wanted to populate the array with data fetched from the server, leading to this issue. After troubleshooting, I realized that the problem lies not in asynchronous data retrieval but in the placement of the array definition. How can I ensure that the data is passed as its array values?

parent.component.ts:

export class ParentComponent implements OnInit {

    students: any[] = [];



ngOnInit() {
  this.getStudents();
}

getStudents() {
    this.students = [
        { name: "Mary" },
        { name: "Marta" },
        { name: "Kelly" },
        { name: "John" },
        { name: "Shelley" },
        { name: "Frankstein" },
        { name: "Shierley" },
        { name: "Igor" }
    ];
}

Note: Initially, I tried assigning null to the students when defining it, but it resulted in an error and a null value exception in the child component. I explored lifecycle-related solutions like ngOnChanges and ngAfterViewInit, but the issue persisted.

Answer №1

If you fail to directly assign an object that is passed to a child component, the input will initially receive either undefined or an empty array. This is because you are assigning an empty array to the variable "students."

To prevent this, you can implement conditional rendering using ngIf:

<child-component
     *ngIf="students && students.length > 0"
    [options]="students"
>
</child-component>

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