Error detected: An unexpected type incompatibility issue without any obvious incompatibility

Within my code, I am working with an "options" tuple [string, function]. This tuple provides a string that identifies a specific check and a function on which that check is to be performed. It is important to note that the check to be executed must be instructed through the accompanying string, as there is no way to determine it solely from an analysis of the function itself.

// tsconfig.json
// {"compilerOptions": {"noImplicitAny": true}};

// Types and interfaces

interface f1_sig { (x:string): string }
interface f2_sig { (x:number): number }

interface f1Chk_sig { (f1:f1_sig): boolean }
interface f2Chk_sig { (f2:f2_sig): boolean }

type options_type = 
  ['f1', f1_sig] | 
  ['f2', f2_sig] ;

interface optionsDictionary_indexer {
  f1: f1Chk_sig;
  f2: f2Chk_sig;
}

// Implementations

// Functions and checks defined

const f1: f1_sig = x => x;
const f2: f2_sig = x => x;
const f1Chk: f1Chk_sig = f => f('0')?true:false;
const f2Chk: f2Chk_sig = f => f( 0 )?true:false;

const optionsDictionary: optionsDictionary_indexer = {
  f1: f1Chk,
  f2: f2Chk
};

// Two alternative implementations that yield Type errors

// Alternative 1
const optionsExtractor_1:
  (options: options_type) => boolean
  =
options => 
  optionsDictionary[options[0]](options[1])
  // Type error: 'f1Chk | f2Chk' has no compatible call signatures

// Alternative 2
const optionsExtractor_2:
  (options: options_type) => boolean
  =
options =>
  options[0]==='f1' ? f1Chk(options[1]) :
  options[0]==='f2' ? f2Chk(options[1]) : false;
  // Another type error: Argument of type 'f1Chk | f2Chk' is not assignable to parameter of type f2_sig

I am encountering compatibility errors with TypeScript, indicating a mismatch between the types of the checks and functions being checked. How can I resolve this issue? If my current implementation is correct, is there a straightforward solution to prevent TypeScript from raising concerns about calling f1Chk with f2, or f2Chk with f1?

Answer №1

Here are a couple of things to consider in this scenario.

In your first approach, there seems to be an issue related to "correlated types". This occurs when an expression is not recognized as valid on a union type, even though it is valid for each individual narrowing of that union. Unfortunately, TypeScript does not currently offer a straightforward solution for this. I have proposed a workaround that involves forcing the compiler to iterate through the possible narrowings, but the likelihood of this being implemented is low. Hopefully, advancements in control flow analysis in the future might address this issue. For now, your options are limited to using type assertions or including redundant code.

As for your second approach, it appears to be the redundant code I previously mentioned. However, it still does not produce the desired outcome due to a known bug where control flow analysis on a property fails when using bracket notation to access it. Using dot notation to access tuple properties would prevent this error, but unfortunately, dot notation cannot be used for numeric indices. One alternative could be to modify the code to work with something other than a tuple, like the example below:

type options_type =
  {zero: 'f1', one: f1_sig} |
  {zero: 'f2', one: f2_sig};

// Modified Alternative 2 that works
const optionsExtractor_2:
  (options: options_type) => boolean
  =
  options =>
    options.zero === 'f1' ? f1Chk(options.one) :
      options.zero === 'f2' ? f2Chk(options.one) : false;

Alternatively, you could opt for a type assertion, which is often a recommended approach when you need to outsmart the compiler:

interface fEitherChk_sig { (f12: f1_sig | f2_sig): boolean }
// Revised Alternative 1
const optionsExtractor_1:
  (options: options_type) => boolean
  =
  options =>
    (optionsDictionary[options[0]] as fEitherChk_sig)(options[1])

I hope this information is helpful to you. Best of luck in resolving the issue!

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