Error message: TypeScript encounters a "Duplicate Identifier" error when referencing other definitions within the app

When working on an Angular project with Typescript, it is common to reference multiple services at the top of each controller. This can lead to repetitive code like the example below:

/// <reference path="../../../typings/tsd.d.ts" />
/// <reference path="../shared/checkoutstaticcontent.ts" />
/// <reference path="../../common/services/settingsservice.ts" />
/// <reference path="reviewcartservice.ts" />

To streamline this process, I wanted to simplify the references in each controller to just one .ts definition file. In order to achieve this, I decided to create a single file called myapp.d.ts which would contain all custom app definitions in addition to the existing tsd.d.ts file that references third-party libraries such as angular and underscore.

To generate myapp.d.ts, I added a gulp task:

var ts = require('gulp-typescript');

gulp.src('Scripts/**/*.ts')
    .pipe(ts({ target: 'ES5', declaration: true }))
    .dts.pipe(concat('myapp.d.ts'))
    .pipe(gulp.dest('typings'))
    .on('error', errorHandler);

While this successfully created the merged definition file, it introduced a new challenge of duplicate definitions. The error arises as the definitions existing in individual files now also exist in the referenced myapp.d.ts. I'm now exploring different options to handle this issue effectively.

Answer №1

When your TypeScript source files exist within the same project, and you are including declaration ts files in your Angular controller ts files, it can lead to the problem you are experiencing.

A solution that I often employ is to create a reference.ts file that includes references to all of your custom code, and then reference that reference.ts at the top of your Angular controller ts files. In this scenario, you may not need a declaration ts file since you already have the TypeScript source code itself.

Declaration files serve the purpose of sharing definitions with other projects that may not have access to the actual TypeScript source code at compile time, but will have the JavaScript files merged together at runtime.

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