Error: The property you are trying to access does not exist within the type 'A' when using a custom type guard

I have implemented a user-defined type guard to verify my object's type, as outlined here. While the example in the documentation works well when used alone, I encountered an issue when incorporating the typeguard within another 'check' function.

Below is a simple demonstration of the problem:

export interface A {
  a: string;
}

export interface B extends A {
  b: string;
  c: string;
}

// check for properties b and c.
export const isB = (example: A | B): example is B => {
  return (<B>example).b !== undefined && (<B>example).c !== undefined;
};

// check for properties b and c with c equaling 'foo'.
export const cEqualsFoo = (example: A | B): boolean => {
  return isB(example) && example.c === "foo";
};

In my Vue2 component, I have a prop defined as follows and am utilizing my type guard methods:

x: {
    type: Object as PropType<A> | PropType<B>
}

// later, in the method
if (isB(this.x)) {
    // works!
    console.log(this.x.b);
}

if (cEqualsFoo(this.x)) {
    console.log(this.x.a);
    console.log(this.x.b); // does not work - typescript throws "Property 'b' does not exist on type 'A'.
    console.log(this.x.c); // does not work - typescript throws "Property 'c' does not exist on type 'A'.

}

Interestingly, the isB function check succeeds, but the cEqualsFoo function fails, triggering the TypeScript error mentioned above in the commented code section. This discrepancy is puzzling since cEqualsFoo leverages isB function internally.

What is causing this issue and how can it be resolved?

Answer №1

Instead of duplicating the type predicate to match isB in cEqualsFoo,

export const cEqualsFoo = (example: A | B): example is B => {

a more efficient approach would be to modify cEqualsFoo to only accept B:

export const cEqualsFoo = (example: B): boolean => {
  return example.c === "foo";
};

This way, you can use isB along with cEqualsFoo:

if (isB(this.x) && cEqualsFoo(this.x)) {

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