Finding keys corresponding to specific values in an object using Typescript

I have a straightforward scenario in mind. I am looking to create a function called pluckOnlyStringValues that takes an object obj and a key. The main requirement is that the key passed should correspond to a string value in the object, ensuring that pluckOnlyStringValues always returns a string.

To achieve this, I attempted to implement a type helper called PickKeysByValue, but unfortunately, it seems to be facing some challenges...

type PickKeysByValue<T extends object, ValueTypes> = {
  [K in keyof T]-?: T[K] extends ValueTypes ? K : never;
}[keyof T];

// Successful examples
type GetKeysWithStringValues = PickKeysByValue<
  { a: string; b?: string; c: number | undefined; d: () => 4 },
  string
>;
type GetStringValues = { a: string; b?: string; c: number | undefined; d: () => 4 }[GetKeysWithStringValues]

// Trouble encountered
const pluckOnlyStringValues = <O extends { a: string }>(
  obj: O,
  key: PickKeysByValue<O, string>,
): string => {
  return obj[key];
};

Answer №1

By updating the constraint of O to Record<string, any>, TypeScript will recognize that O can be indexed with a string.

function extractStringValues<O extends Record<string, any>>(
  obj: O,
  key: keyof O,
): string {
  return obj[key];
};

Answer №2

From the details you've provided,...

To achieve this functionality, you can utilize a helper type called StringKeys, which will specifically retrieve keys that are of string type.

const test = {
  aNumber: 12,
  aString: 'ABC'
};

type StringKeys<T extends object> = {
  [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends string ? K : never
}[keyof T];

function pluckString<T extends object>(obj:T, key:StringKeys<T>) {
  return obj[key];
}

pluckString(test, 'aString')  //ok
pluckString(test, 'aNumber'); //error

Interactive Demo

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