How can props be defined in Vue3 using Typescript?

When using Vue3's defineComponent function, it requires the first generic parameter to be Props. To provide props type using Typescript interface, you can do it like this:

export default defineComponent<{ initial?: number }>({
  setup(props) {
    const count = ref(props.initial ?? 0);
    const increase = () => count.value++;
    const decrease = () => count.value--;
    return { count, increase, decrease };
  }
});

However, sometimes Vue may not recognize your props, resulting in code like this not working:

<Counter :initial="5"></Counter>

To solve this issue, you can specify props options in your component definition like so:

export default defineComponent<{ initial?: number }>({
  props: {
    initial: { type: Number, required: false },
  },
  setup(props) {
    const count = ref(props.initial ?? 0);
    const increase = () => count.value++;
    const decrease = () => count.value--;
    return { count, increase, decrease };
  }
});

However, this might lead to a type error

TS2769: No overload matches this call.
. Removing the generic parameter could clean up the error, but then you lose native Typescript support for props options.

If anyone knows how to address this issue, please share your solution.

Answer №1

In Vue, props are a runtime construct that cannot be automatically derived from TypeScript type definitions. This includes features like default values and validators associated with props. To define props in Vue, you need to use the props option as per the API requirements. For creating strong type definitions for props, utilize PropType and annotate your props.

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