How can you properly expand TypeScript definitions within an external library?

I am currently utilizing TypeScript version 4.5.5

In a third-party library called dva, there is an interface named DvaInstance within the existing index.d.ts file:

export interface DvaInstance {
  // ...
}

export {
  connect, connectAdvanced, useSelector, useDispatch, useStore,
  DispatchProp, shallowEqual
} from 'react-redux';

Although a field named _store exists in JavaScript, it is absent in this interface. Therefore, I decided to extend the interface to include this field by creating a new file named dva.d.ts:

declare module 'dva' {
  interface DvaInstance {
    _store: import('redux').Store;
  }
}

Upon adding this field (_store), it became accessible. However, when attempting to do import { connect } from 'dva', the TypeScript compiler started raising complaints:

Module '"dva"' has no exported member 'connect'.

It appears that my module declaration overrides the one from dva, and declaration merging does not function as expected.

I did some research online and found many articles (including the official documentation) that utilize the import statement. So, I made another attempt:

import { DvaInstance } from 'dva';

declare module 'dva' {
  interface DvaInstance {
    _store: import('redux').Store;
  }
}

This time, both import { connect } from 'dva' and the _store field worked. However, I encountered a complaint from the TypeScript compiler stating that

'DvaInstance' is already declared in the upper scope
.

My inquiries are:

  • When a top-level import or export makes the .d.ts file a non-ambient module, how do the types remain accessible without explicitly importing them in other files using import 'dva.d.ts'?
  • What is the proper method to expand TypeScript definitions in a third-party library without inadvertently overriding existing ones?

Answer №1

If you want to trigger declaration merging correctly, it is recommended to use import 'dva' instead of import { xxx } from 'dva'.

dva.d.ts:

import 'dva'; // This will trigger declaration merging

declare module 'dva' {
  interface DvaInstance {
    _store: import('redux').Store;
  }
}

An interesting question still remains unanswered: even though a top-level import or export makes the .d.ts file a non-ambient module, why are the types in it still available without explicitly importing it in other files (import 'dva.d.ts')?

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