How to access the extended interface from the base interface in TypeScript

I am working with an interface that contains an array of itself as children elements.

interface MyNestedInterface {
  value: string;
  children?: ReadonlyArray<MyNestedInterface>;
}

My goal is to ensure that the objects are only one level deep in the structure.

interface MyNestedInterface {
  value: string;
  children?: ReadonlyArray<Omit<MyNestedInterface, 'children'>>;
}

In addition, I need to extend the MyNestedInterface interface.

interface ExtendedInterface extends MyNestedInterface {
  id: string;
}

However, when trying to instantiate it with an as const, I encounter an error related to the children property not recognizing the extended property id.

const obj: Readonly<ExtendedInterface> = {
  id: 'id1',
  value: 'value1',
  children: [
    // Error: Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'id' does not 
    // exist in type 'Pick<MyNestedInterface, "value">'.
    { id: 'id2', value: 'value2' },
    { id: 'id3', value: 'value3' },
  ],
} as const;

Is there a way to reference this inside the MyNestedInterface so that it recognizes the extended properties, or is there a different approach to overcome this issue without redefining children in the ExtendedInterface?

TS Playground

Answer №1

Achieving this is actually quite straightforward, you can utilize the concept of polymorphic this:

interface MyNestedInterface {
  value: string;
  children?: ReadonlyArray<Omit<this, 'children'>>;
}

For a hands-on demonstration and experimentation, check out the link to the TS Playground.

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