I'm puzzled as to why TypeScript isn't flagging any typing errors in this code

Take a look at this code snippet showcasing two extended classes:

interface payloadCollection {
    [key: string]: payloadObject<object, object>
}

 type payloadObject<TExpectedData extends object = {}, TExpectedResponse extends object = {}> = {
    request: TExpectedData,
    response: TExpectedResponse
}

class Communicator<
    TListeners extends payloadCollection, 
    TBroadcasters extends payloadCollection
> {

    broadcasters!: TBroadcasters;

    send<
        TMessage extends keyof TBroadcasters, 
        TData extends TBroadcasters[TMessage]['request'], 
        TResponse extends TBroadcasters[TMessage]['response']>(message: TMessage, data: TData): TResponse {
            return '' as any;
    }

    addListener<
        TMessage extends keyof TListeners,
        TData extends TListeners[TMessage]['request'],
        TResponse extends TListeners[TMessage]['response']
    >(message: TMessage, callback: (data: TData) => TResponse) {}
}

type extendedCommunicatorListeners = {
    'extendedListener': payloadObject<{
        type: string
    }, {
        responseType: string
    }>;
}

interface extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters extends payloadCollection {
    'extendedBroadcaster': payloadObject<{
        type: string
    }, {
        responseType: string
    }>
}

class ExtendedCommunicator<
    TListeners extends extendedCommunicatorListeners = extendedCommunicatorListeners,
    TBroadcasters extends extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters = extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters
> 
    extends Communicator<TListeners, TBroadcasters> {


        private innerMethod() {
            /** No typing help here, if I try to ask intellisense for first parameter suggestions, I receive none. However, 
             *  if I introduce the first parameter, the second parameter receives suggestions, and the response type is also correct.  */
            const response = this.send("extendedBroadcaster", {
                type: 'test'
            });
        }   
    }

const testExtendedCommunicator: ExtendedCommunicator = new ExtendedCommunicator();

/** No typing help here either, and no error on invalid method */
testExtendedCommunicator.send("invalidMethod", {
    invalidData: 15
});

I am attempting to construct a generic class function that accepts parameters based on the parent classes' generic parameters. TypeScript fails to provide suggestions for possible `send` methods and does not report errors when an inappropriate parameter is used in the first method.

Here's a playground link too

Answer №1

By making the switch from

interface extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters extends payloadCollection {
    'extendedBroadcaster': payloadObject<{
        type: string
    }, {
        responseType: string
    }>
}

to

type extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters = {
    'extendedBroadcaster': payloadObject<{
        type: string
    }, {
        responseType: string
    }>
}

You can expect to encounter errors regarding incorrect keys throughout your codebase. Furthermore, IntelliSense will be available on the last line of code, but not within the class itself. This limitation is likely due to how optional generics can be overridden, preventing TypeScript from accurately defining the keys until an instance is created.

If immediate IntelliSense within the class is desired to enforce a predefined type, consider modifying ExtendedCommunicator to pass the second generic to Communicator as extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters:

class ExtendedCommunicator<
        TListeners extends extendedCommunicatorListeners = extendedCommunicatorListeners,
    > extends Communicator<TListeners, extendedCommunicatorBroadcasters> {
        private innerMethod() {
            /** Intellisense and error checking for incorrect key should be present */
            const response = this.send("extendedBroadcaster", { type: "test" });
        }
    }

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