In Typescript, is there a specific type for images encoded in base64 format?

As a newbie to Typescript, I am diligently typing everything precisely as part of my learning journey.

A property called lqip (low quality image placeholder) is being pulled from a CMS and should be a base64 encoded image. It's clearly a string, but it doesn't quite feel accurate to just type it as a string.

mainImage: Schema.Post["mainImage"] & {
  // 🤔 can I be more precise? It should always be a base64 encoded image, not just any generic string…
  // e.g. "data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDAAYEB…"
  lqip: string
}

Is there a specific data type for base64 encoded images in Typescript? My extensive Google searches only turned up information on atob/btoa conversions, rather than the type itself. Thank you!

Answer â„–1

For those who are in search of a solution, consider crafting your own custom type

type Base64<imageType extends string> = `data:image/${imageType};base64${string}`

const base64: Base64<'png'> = 'data:image/png;base64test...'

Feel free to experiment here

Answer â„–2

There may not be a built-in type for this, however, you have the option to define your own custom type that serves as an alias for a string type. By doing so, you can clearly differentiate between a standard string and your specialized base type when examining your code.

type Base64 = string
mainImage: Schema.Post["mainImage"] & {
  lqip: Base64
}


Answer â„–3

Utilizing opaque types can provide an added layer of security in this scenario; although TypeScript does not inherently support them, it is feasible to devise a workaround.

type Opaque<T, K extends string> = T & { __typename: K }

type Base64 = Opaque<string, "base64">

const decodeBase64 = (base64String: Base64) => {
  return Buffer.from(base64String, "base64").toString("utf8")
}

const str = "a"
decodeBase64(str) // errors

const str2 = "a" as Base64
decodeBase64(str2) // valid

One can now implement a type guard or runtime verification to confirm that a string adheres to the Base64 format for enhanced safety measures.

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