Is it possible to use both interfaces and string union types in TypeScript?

My goal is to create a method that accepts a key argument which can be either a string or an instance of the indexable type interface IValidationContextIndex. Here is the implementation:

  /**
   * Retrieves all values in the ValidationContext container.
   * @returns An array of ValidationContext instances stored in the cache.
   */
  public static getValidationContextValues(key: IValidationContextIndex | string ): Array<ValidationContext> {
    if (key instanceof IValidationContextIndex ) [
      return Object.values(<any> key);
    ]
    else {
      const vci = ValidationContainer.cache[<string>key];
      return Object.values(<any> vci);
    }
  }  

When using Typescript, the following error message occurs for the if block:

[ts] 'IValidationContextIndex' only refers to a type, but is being used as a value here.

Do you have any suggestions on how to resolve this issue?

In most cases, it's possible to add a type property to interfaces such as type: 'IValidationContextsIndex'; however, due to the nature of the interface being an indexable type interface, this approach does not work in this scenario....

Answer №1

In typescript, it is not possible to check the type at runtime due to everything being converted into an object during transpilation. Therefore, you may need to utilize user-defined type guards as outlined in this resource.

Answer №2

After taking the advice from @indrakumara into account, I believe this code snippet should solve the issue:

    /**
     * This function retrieves all ValidationContext container values for an Object_property string key or a key that is an instance of 
     * IValidationContextIndex.
     * @returns An array of ValidationContext instances stored in the cache corresponding to a specific Object_property key.
     */
    public static getValidationContextValues(key: any ): Array<ValidationContext> {
      if (typeof key === `string` ) {
        const vci = ValidationContainer.cache[<string>key];
        return Object.values(<any> vci);
      }
      else {
        return Object.values(<IValidationContextIndex> key);
      }
    }  

Answer №3

Typescript interfaces do not directly translate into executable JavaScript code. Therefore, when you use "instanceof IValidationContextIndex" in your script, JavaScript does not recognize the interface IValidationContextIndex.

To resolve this issue, consider changing your interface to a class or creating a class that implements the interface. Then, you can check if a passed parameter is an instance of that class instead.

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