Issue in TypeScript where object properties may still be considered undefined even after verifying using Object.values() for undefined values

I'm encountering an issue with TypeScript regarding my interface MentionItem. Both the id and value properties are supposed to be strings, but TypeScript is flagging them as possibly string | undefined.

Interestingly, manually checking that id and value are not undefined resolves the TypeScript error. However, when I attempt to validate for undefined values using

Object.values(dataset).includes(undefined)
, TypeScript continues to show an error message.

I'm puzzled by this TypeScript error and looking for guidance on how to rectify it.

Here's a snippet of my code:
  interface MentionItem {
    id: string;
    value: string;
  }

  getItemData = (): MentionItem => {
    const dataset = (this.mentionList.childNodes[this.itemIndex] as HTMLElement).dataset;

    if(Object.values(dataset).includes(undefined)) {
      throw new Error("Incomplete dataset")
    }

    return {
      id: dataset.id,
      value: dataset.value,
    };
  };
This is the TypeScript Error message:

Type 'string | undefined' is not assignable to type 'string'. Type 'undefined' is not assignable to type 'string'.ts(2322)

I find it perplexing why this triggers an error, considering it should function in the same manner. Please correct me if I am mistaken:

The check that satisfies TypeScript

if(dataset.id === undefined || dataset.value === undefined) {
  throw new Error("Incomplete dataset")
}

The check that upsets TypeScript

if(Object.values(dataset).includes(undefined)) {
  throw new Error("Incomplete dataset")
}

Answer №1

The problem lies in the duality of using undefined within JavaScript.

  1. When trying to access a non-existent property of an object, JavaScript will return the value of undefined.
  2. If you access a property that does exist but has been explicitly set to undefined, it will still return undefined.

Now, Object.values will only display the values of properties that actually exist within an object, rather than displaying undefined for non-existent properties. Therefore,

if(dataset.id === undefined || dataset.value === undefined) {
  throw new Error("Incomplete dataset")
}

this code works effectively for properties that do not exist within dataset. The condition is met because accessing these properties will return undefined, leading to the error being thrown. However,

if(Object.values(dataset).includes(undefined)) {
  throw new Error("Incomplete dataset")
}

will fail since there are no properties explicitly set to undefined within dataset for the includes method to find. As a result, the condition is not met and the error will not be thrown.

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