Issue: (SystemJS) the exports variable is not defined

In the process of developing a .net core mvc + angular application, I encountered an interesting situation. The MVC framework handles user management, and Angular takes over when users navigate to specific areas of the application. Initially, I integrated an Angular-2 app (stats) into the site successfully. Later on, I needed to add another functionality, so I included another Angular-2 app (practices) in the same solution without any issues. However, a transition to Angular-4 necessitated changing references, which led me to focus on the second Angular app, neglecting the first one for some time. When I attempted to run the first Angular app (stats) again after these changes, I encountered an error while the second app loaded Angular.

Both apps share common systemjs.config.js, package.json, tsconfig.json, typings.json files.

The error message:

Error: (SystemJS) exports is not defined
ReferenceError: exports is not defined
    at eval (http://localhost:60660/apps/common/date.extentions.js:2:23)
    ...

The configuration in systemjs.config.js:

(function (global) {
    // Configuration details here...
})(this);

The dependencies listed in package.json:

{
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "name": "asp.net",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    // Scripts info...
  },
  // Dependencies info...
}

tsconfig.json content:

{
  // Compiler options
  // Exclude details...
}

Information from typings.json:

{
  "globalDependencies": {
    // Global dependencies details...
  }
}

date.extensions.ts code snippet:

export { }

// DATE EXTENSIONS
// ================

declare global {
    interface Date {
        // Date methods...
    }
}

Date.prototype.addDays = function (days: number): Date {
    // Add days logic here...
};

// More date extension methods...

date.extensions.js code sample:

"use strict";
Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
Date.prototype.addDays = function (days) {
    // Add days method details...
};
// More date extension methods...
//# sourceMappingURL=date.extentions.js.map

Answer №1

Either delete the export {} line from apps/common/date.extensions.ts or explicitly specify module format as "cjs".

SystemJS relies on module format detection to identify which variables are needed for loading a module. In this case, it won't recognize your date.extensions.js as CommonJS because there are no assignments to module.exports or any require calls (1).

To explicitly set the module format, you can include:

packages: {
  "apps/common/date.extensions.js": {
    "format": "cjs"   
  },
  // ...
}

By providing this metadata, SystemJS will use it instead of making assumptions based on heuristics when determining the format and will supply an exports object during module loading.

Alternatively, if the file doesn't need to be treated as a module, you may remove both the export {} line and the declare global wrapper.

  1. This detection process involves various techniques like using regular expressions to search for patterns indicative of CommonJS, such as /exports\.*"\s*=\s*.+/g. While not foolproof, SystemJS's module format detection is robust and allows different module systems to interact seamlessly without manual configuration. Credit goes to Guy Bedford for his exceptional work in this area.

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