Mastering the utilization of providers in Loopback 4

Trying to figure out providers and decorators in LoopBack 4 has been a bit of a challenge for me.

  1. What is the primary role of a provider?
  2. Is it limited to just the sequence or can it be utilized elsewhere?
  3. Are there specific guidelines that need to be followed?
  4. What is the recommended approach for using it with a decorator?

The code snippets I have currently implemented are as follows:

export interface MyProviderFn {
  (args: any[]): Promise<void>;
}

export class MyActionProvider implements Provider<MyProviderFn> {
  public constructor(
    @inject(CoreBindings.APPLICATION_INSTANCE)
    public app: RestApplication,
    @inject.getter(CoreBindings.CONTROLLER_CLASS, { optional: true })
    private readonly getController: Getter<Constructor<{}>>,
    @inject.getter(CoreBindings.CONTROLLER_METHOD_NAME, { optional: true })
    private readonly getMethod: Getter<string>,
  ) {}

  public value(): MyProviderFn {
    return args => this.action(args);
  }

  public async action(args: any[]): Promise<void> {
    const controllerClass = await this.getController();
    const methodName = await this.getMethod();
    if (!controllerClass || !methodName) return;

    const metadata = getDecoratorMetadata(controllerClass, methodName);
    if (!metadata) {
      return;
    }

    // Provider specific code here
  }
}

Is this the correct way to go about it? Is there a cleaner method?

Answer №1

  1. Provider in LoopBack 4 addresses a specific challenge when it comes to dependency injection:

    • The value being bound is not static and needs to be dynamically generated (making binding.to() unsuitable)
    • The value relies on other bindings for its dependencies (making binding.toDynamicValue() inappropriate)
    • The value is not an instance of a class (rendering binding.toClass() ineffective)

As illustrated by the following example:

class GreetingProvider implements Provider<string> {

  // Inject the current language
  private constructor(@inject('language') private lang: string) {
  }
  
  // Generate resolved value for the binding
  value() {
    if (this.lang === 'zh') return '你好';
    else return 'Hello';
  }
}

  1. This functionality can be leveraged in LoopBack 4 applications to support various types of bindings, beyond just actions.

  2. For more examples, refer to the loopback-next repository.

  3. A Provider must be implemented as a class in order to facilitate decorators for dependency injections. This includes decorating constructor parameters and properties.

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