Modeling a potentially empty array in Typescript can be achieved by implementing specific interface definitions

Here is the current situation:

type A = { b: string, c: number }

I have an object that I will receive from an API, which could be either

A[] or []

As of now, when I attempt to use it,

const apiData: A[] || []
const b = apiData[0].a // I expected this to cause an error, but it doesn't.

How can I structure this in a way that would result in an error?

Answer №1

In my opinion, the most straightforward approach in this situation is to utilize Partial:

type A = { b: string, c: number }

type Obj = Partial<A[]>
declare var apiData: Obj;

const check = apiData[0] // A | undefined

Alternatively, you have the option to employ a typeguard

type A = { b: string, c: number }

type Obj = A[]
declare var apiData: Obj;

const isEmpty = <Elem,>(arg: Elem[]): arg is never[] => arg.length === 0

if (isEmpty(apiData)) {
  const x = apiData[0] // never
} else {
  const x = apiData[0] // A
}

Moving on to the next type definition

type Obj = A[] | never[]

This solution may not function as expected due to the fact that never[] extends A[]

type IsAssignable = never[] extends A[] ? true : false // true

Furthermore, you can enable the noUncheckedIndexedAccess flag

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