Reasons for avoiding the use of public/protected/private keywords in C# constructors

When comparing TypeScript and C#, we can see differences in how constructor arguments are handled. In TypeScript, the constructor argument environment can be accessed directly within the class without explicitly creating a field for it:

class Example {

    constructor(private Environment environment) {

    }

    public get Name(): string { return this.environment.Name; }

}

In contrast, C# requires manual creation of the field and assignment of its value from the constructor parameter:

class Example
{

    public Example(Environment environment)
    {
        this.enviornment = enviornment;
    }

    private Environment environment;
    public string Name => this.environment.Name;

}

This leads to the question: why doesn't C# allow for a similar shorthand notation as TypeScript? For instance, why can't C# code look like this?:

class Example
{

    public Example(private Environment environment)
    {
    }

    public string Name => this.environment.Name;

}

The absence of such functionality in C# raises the question of why it cannot achieve the same level of simplicity.

Answer №1

When a class is not static, the C# compiler automatically generates a public parameterless constructor for it to allow instantiation of the class. Classes can have public, private, or protected access modifiers.

To prevent a class from being instantiated, you can make the constructor private, like this:

class NLog
{
    // Private Constructor:
    private NLog() { }

    public static double e = Math.E;  //2.71828...
}

In the example mentioned above:

public class MainWindowViewModel
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel(
            MainWindow view,
            public Enviornment enviornment)
        {

        }

        public string Name => this.enviornment.Name;
    }

The MainWindowViewModel constructor has parameters, and defining a parameter as public within a function definition is incorrect. The correct approach is shown below:

public class Environment {
    private string _SomeInfo;
    public String SomeInfo 
      { 
        get { return _SomeInfo; }
        set 
        { 
          if (value != null)
          {
            _SomeInfo = value; 
          }
        }
      }
}

public class Program : Environment
{
    public int VariableInfomration;

    private void program(int Data,string information){
       Data = 0;
       information ="";
       VariableInfomration = 1;
    }

    public string Name => SomeInfo;      

    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Example Constructor");
    }
}

If there is still confusion or misunderstanding due to unclear details in your question, feel free to ask for further clarification. I hope this explanation helps!

Answer №2

In C#, when working with constructors or methods, it is important to remember that we can only specify the data type and variable name as parameters. Access modifiers, on the other hand, are defined at the class level.

For example, while the class "Environment" can be declared as public, when specifying a parameter of type Environment,

You should only include the class name and variable name in the constructor.

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