Reference the 'this' type of an object in Typescript

Let's take a look at this specific type:

type UserList = {
  userIds: string[]
  userData: {
    [UserId in UserList['userIds'][number]]: {
      userId: UserId
      username: string
    }
  }
}

In defining this type, I aim to communicate two important points to the TypeScript compiler:

  1. userData keys should be present in userIds
  2. The userId field needs to match the corresponding key within the entry

Sometimes, I feel like I require some form of this or self keyword rather than using UserList

Answer №1

It appears challenging to directly access the string values within userIds without utilizing a generic type parameter:

type UserList<T extends ReadonlyArray<string>> = {
  userIds: T
  userData: {
    [UserId in T[number]]: {
      userId: UserId
      username: string
    }
  }
}

Your type definition would need to be structured like this:

const a: UserList<['hello']> = {
    userIds: ['hello'],
    userData: {
        hello: {
            userId: 'hello',
            username: 'username'
        }
    }
}

To avoid specifying user IDs twice, you may need to utilize a wrapper function as described here:

function asUserList<T extends ReadonlyArray<string>>(list: UserList<T>) {
  return list;
}

const a = asUserList({
    userIds: ['hello'] as const,
    userData: {
        hello: {
            userId: 'hello',
            username: 'username'
        }
    }
})

If you opt not to use a generic parameter and attempt to leverage the this type within an interface like so:

interface UserList {
  userIds: string[]
  userData: {
    [UserId in this['userIds'][number]]: {
      userId: UserId
      username: string
    }
  }
}

This approach is not effective because this['userIds'] will consistently result in the weaker string[] type, rather than enabling robust typing of userData based on the specific values in userIds.

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