Replacing the '+' character with a space in HttpParams within Angular 6

When passing a JSON object using HttpParams, the + character is automatically converted to a space before being sent to the backend. Despite trying multiple solutions, I have been unable to resolve this issue for a JSONObject string.

this.updateUser({"name":"ABC","mobile": "+911234567890","text":"1 + 2 = 3"});

public updateUser(myObj) {

    const body = new HttpParams().set('user_object', JSON.stringify(myObj));
    return this.http.post(url, body, {
      headers: new HttpHeaders().set('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8')
    });
  }

Upon inspecting in the Network tab, it can be observed that any instance of the + character in the object is replaced with a space automatically.

Answer №1

Encountering an issue with HttpParams in Angular where the + symbol in a parameter value is being transformed into a blank space. My specific scenario involved a POST request that required a file input in the form of a Base64 encoded string. The process of converting the file to Base64 format can result in the presence of a + sign, which was inadvertently getting replaced by a blank space. To address this issue, I decided to create and implement a CustomURLEncoder within my project for proper handling of such characters. Below is a snippet showcasing the implementation:

import {HttpParameterCodec} from '@angular/common/http'

export class CustomURLEncoder implements HttpParameterCodec {
    encodeKey(key: string): string {
        return encodeURIComponent(key); 
    }
    encodeValue(key: string): string { 
        return encodeURIComponent(key); 
    }
    decodeKey(key: string): string { 
        return decodeURIComponent(key); 
     }
    decodeValue(key: string) {
        return decodeURIComponent(key); 
     }
}

To utilize the custom encoder with HttpParams, you can do so as shown below:

import {CustomURLEncoder} from './urlencoder.component';
import {HttpParams, HttpHeaders, HttpClient} from '@angular/common/http';

export class ApiService {
    constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient){}

    base64 = "Encoded+Base64+File+Data" //String with '+'
    const fileDetails = new HttpParams({encoder: new CustomURLEncoder() })
        .set('filename','CustomEncodedFile.xlsx')
        .set('filedata',base64);

    return this.httpClient.post(url, fileDetails, {
        headers: new HttpHeaders().set('Content-Type', 'application/x-www- 
        form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8')
    });
}

Answer №2

Dealing with the problem of using the + character in URLs is a common issue. This character is typically used to separate words within a URL, so if you want to include it as part of your parameter values, you need to encode those values before adding them to the URL. Fortunately, Javascript and TypeScript offer the encodeURI() function for this exact purpose.

URL encoding involves converting characters into a format that can be safely transmitted over the internet. For more information, check out the [w3Schools Reference].

Here's how you can resolve this issue:

let phoneNumber = encodeURI("+911234567890");
let equation = encodeURI("1 + 2 = 3");
this.updateUser({"name":"ABC","mobile": phoneNumber,"text":equation});

public updateUser(data) {
  const body = new HttpParams().set('user_data', JSON.stringify(data));
  return this.http.post(url, body, {
    headers: new HttpHeaders().set('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8')
  });
}

Alternatively,

You can perform the encoding within the updateUser() method:

this.updateUser({"name":"ABC","mobile": "+911234567890","text":"1 + 2 = 3"});

public updateUser(data) {
  let encodedData = encodeURI(JSON.stringify(data));
  const body = new HttpParams().set('user_data', encodedData);
  return this.http.post(url, body, {
  headers: new HttpHeaders().set('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8')
  });
}

OR

If you prefer, you can use a regular expression to replace the + symbol before sending the data to the server:

let jsonData = JSON.stringify(data);
jsonData = jsonData.replace(/\+/gi, '%2B');

Answer №3

Is it possible to utilize the formData Object for sending request header data?

const formData = new FormData();
formData.append("data",JSON.stringify(myData));

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