Restrain a Key according to the data type of its value within a universal category

I am currently working on creating a versatile function where the generic type is used to define its parameter.

Here's an excerpt from this parameter :

type Configuration<T> = {
    masterdata: T[],
    target: ????
}

I am encountering difficulties in typing the target property. I want it to be the name of any property within a specific class (MtmFormComponent, the current class) but with the condition that the property type is T[].

The purpose is to write :

this[configuration.target] = configuration.masterdata;
.

I have made progress, and here is how I have typed the target property so far:

type MtmFormComponentPropertyOfType<T, K extends keyof MtmFormComponent> = MtmFormComponent[K] extends T[] ? K : never;

type DropdownAutocompleteConfiguration<T, K extends keyof MtmFormComponent> = {
    masterdata: T[],

    targetFilteredList: MtmFormComponentPropertyOfType<T, K>,
};

Everything works well when declaring an object of type

DropdownAutocompleteConfiguration
, as my IDE correctly guides me to use only a key that leads to the same type as the value of masterdata. Therefore, it seems like my type is accurately defined.

The issue arises when using this object in my generic function:

private setupDropdownAutocompleteBehaviour<T, K extends keyof MtmFormComponent>(configuration: DropdownAutocompleteConfiguration<T, K>): void {
        this[configuration.targetFilteredList] = configuration.masterdata;

        // ...
    }

In this case, the

this[configuration.targetFilteredList]
expression triggers the following error:

Type 'T[]' is not assignable to type 'this[Currency[] extends T[] ? "filteredCurrencyList" : never] & this[PriceUnit[] extends T[] ? "filteredPriceUnits" : never] & this[Subscription[] extends T[] ? "subscriptions" : never]'.
Type 'T[]' is not assignable to type 'this[Currency[] extends T[] ? "filteredCurrencyList" : never]'.
Type 'T[]' is not assignable to type 'Currency[]'.
Type 'T' is not assignable to type 'Currency'.

My understanding is that while inside the function, TypeScript fully resolves the type of

this[configuration.targetFilteredList]
rather than recognizing it as T[]. Despite the auto-complete feature in my IDE, I am certain that a value for target won't lead to a type incompatible with the one specified for masterdata.

At this point, I'm unsure about what steps to take next :/

Appreciate your assistance :)

Answer №1

Is it necessary in this scenario to generalize your functions based on the target property key?

For instance, let's consider defining MtmFormComponent as shown below:

interface MtmFormComponent {
    foo: string[];
    bar: string[];
    baz: number[];
    qux: string;
}

We now aim to create a type that identifies all property names of a type T, where each property contains an array of type U[]. This type can be defined as follows:

type ArrayValuedProps<T, U> = { [K in keyof T]: (T[K] extends U[] ? K : never) }[keyof T]

This results in:

ArrayValuedProps<MtmFormComponent, string> = { foo: "foo"; bar: "bar"; baz: never; qux: never }[keyof MtmFormComponent]
                                           = { foo: "foo"; bar: "bar"; baz: never; qux: never }["foo" | "bar" | "baz" | "qux"]
                                           = "foo" | "bar" | never
                                           = "foo" | "bar"

Similarly,

ArrayValuedProps<MtmFormComponent, number>
simplifies to just the type "baz";

Utilizing this information, we can define the Configuration<T> type as follows:

type Configuration<T> = {
    masterdata: T[],
    target: ArrayValuedProps<MtmFormComponent, T>
}

This approach allows us to exclude the need for specifying the target key as a type parameter.

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