String converted to an unknown number surpassing the null validation

I am facing a simple issue that has me stumped. I am passing a parameter to an express http get function, which is then used in a query. To prevent SQL injection, I ensure that the parameter is a number.

However, due to the data structure of my client, I convert these numbers to strings. This led me to accidentally pass a string instead of a number. As a result, my application failed because invoiceId was evaluated as undefined and the query did not proceed.

To address this issue, I have implemented a null check. Below is a functional example (with some adjustments to avoid compile errors when casting a string to a number):

(It was later discovered that the value being passed was the string "undefined," causing confusion. The problem persists as TypeScript does not allow checking if invoiceId is a string value since it should be a number. I wrongly assumed is enforced type!)

class IBadInput { value: any };

var badInput = { value: "undefined" } as IBadInput;
var invoiceId = badInput.value as number;

if (typeof invoiceId == 'undefined' || invoiceId == null)
{
  console.log("invoice id not provided");
}

console.log("getting for invoice", invoiceId);

However, when a string invoiceId is provided, the statement invoiceId == null is not triggered. Here is the output:

getting for invoice undefined

I have attempted various checks like invoiceId == undefined, typeof invoiceId == null, and simply if(invoiceId) to see if it's "truthy," but none of them work.

Do you have any insights on why this is happening and how I can resolve it?

Answer №1

The issue I am facing involves the inability to determine if invoiceId is a string due to TypeScript restricting me from doing so, as it should be a number.

One way to tackle this is by verifying if the value is either of type number or null.

let input: any = "Some string";
let invoiceId = input as number;

if (typeof invoiceId !== 'number' || invoiceId === null)
{ 
    document.write(invoiceId.toString() + ' is of type ' + (typeof invoiceId));
    document.write(" and needs to be a non-null value of type number.")
}

Output:

Some string is of type string and needs to be of type number.

Does anyone have an explanation for...

Conversion to a number takes place solely during compilation and does not affect runtime. If a string is inputted by the client application at runtime, then the variable will remain a string at runtime, which is neither typeof undefined nor null.

You can learn more by testing the above in TypeScript play.

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