The concept of a singleton design pattern is like a hidden treasure waiting to be

My approach to implementing the singleton pattern in a typescript ( version 2.1.6 ) class is as follows:

export class NotificationsViewModel {
    private _myService: NotificationService;
    private _myArray: [];
    private static _instance: NotificationsViewModel;
    private constructor() {
        this._myService = new NotificationService();
        this._myArray = [];
        NotificationsViewModel._instance = this;
    }
    public static getInstance(): NotificationsViewModel {
        if (!this._instance) {
            this._instance = new NotificationsViewModel();
        }
        return this._instance;
    }
    public startListening() {
        return this._myService.addUserNotificationChildListener(this.handleNotifications);
    }
    private handleNotifications(notification: Models.NotificationItem) {
        this._myArray.push(notification);// encountering an error on this line
    }
}

There is an issue where the handleNotifications method throws an error message

cannot read property _myArray of undefined
. It seems that this, which should refer to the instance, is not instantiated (correct?). I find it puzzling because this._myService is working fine.

Could my implementation of the pattern be incorrect? What could be causing this problem?

EDIT Below is the code snippet that calls the class:

notificationsViewModel = NotificationsViewModel.getInstance(mainUser);
notificationsViewModel.initialize().then(() => {
    notificationsViewModel.startListening();
}).catch((error) => {
    console.dump(error);
});

I have omitted the initialize method from the provided snippet, but it returns a promise.

Answer №1

The issue at hand is a common one known as the "wrong this context". This occurs when you pass a reference to the handleNotifications method that is not bound to the current instance.

To resolve this, you can modify your code as follows:

public initializeListening() {
    return this._myService.addUserNotificationChildListener(this.handleNotifications.bind(this));
}

Alternatively, you can also make use of arrow function syntax like this:

public initializeListening() {
    return this._myService.addUserNotificationChildListener(notification => this.handleNotifications(notification));
}

Additionally, there is no need to create a new instance in the constructor:

private constructor() {
    this._myService = new NotificationService();
    this._myArray = [];
    NotificationsViewModel._instance = this; // This line serves no purpose
}

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