The error message "Uncaught ReferenceError: exports is not defined and require" indicates that

I am currently developing an app using angularjs and typescript, but I've encountered a persistent error that has me stumped.

Below is the snippet of my code:

export var NgApp = new application.Startup();

///<reference path="../../../../../typings/tsd.d.ts"/>
import {NgApp} from "../../bootstrap";

module views.components.home {
    export class HomeComponent {
        public constructor() {
        }

        public static factory():Function[] {
            return [
                () => new HomeComponent()
            ]
        }

    }
}

NgApp.registerComponents(views.components.home,() => this.app.controller);

Next, here is the GULP task I am running:

let tsResult = gulp.src('src/**/*.ts').pipe(ts({
    module: 'commonjs',
    sourceMap: true
}));

let taskTs = tsResult.js.pipe(gulp.dest('built/'));

The specific error message I'm encountering is as follows: Uncaught ReferenceError: exports is not defined.

My query is: How can I incorporate imports akin to es6 syntax in typescript? Is there something crucial that I may have overlooked?

Answer №1

Incorporating angular 1.6 and webpack has significantly improved my project's functionality. Making a simple switch in the module to "umd" has resolved issues on my end.

The concept of UMD (Universal Module Definition) has paved the way for a more versatile approach that accommodates both AMD and CommonJS styles.

For more information, check out:

I have included a snippet from my updated tsconfig.json after the necessary modifications were made, followed by running $ tsc.

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "umd",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "lib": [ "es2015", "dom" ],
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "removeComments": true,
    "preserveConstEnums": true,
    "allowUnreachableCode": true
  },
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

As a result, the frustrating "exports is not defined" error has been successfully eliminated.

Answer №2

click here "Problem solved!" I encountered the same error and found a solution by changing the module setting from "commonjs" to "es6". By targeting ES5, the import/export statements were removed, causing these tools to be unable to remove unused exports.

{
    "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "es6",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "lib": [ "es2015", "dom" ],
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "suppressImplicitAnyIndexErrors": true
    }

}

Answer №3

Is there a way to utilize import similar to ES6 in TypeScript? What am I overlooking?

To utilize import in TypeScript, you will need to use a module loader. You can refer to this sample that demonstrates the usage of webpack: https://github.com/AngularClass/angular2-webpack-starter

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