The export named 'Types' was not located. The module 'mongoose' that was requested is a CommonJS module, which may not fully support all module.exports as named exports

In my setup, I have an express server built in TypeScript with the 

"module": "es2020"
configuration set in its tsconfig.

Additionally, I have created another module for my GraphQL API also utilizing TypeScript and targeting es2020. This module interacts with mongoose using named imports:

import { Types } from 'mongoose'

While everything functions as expected when compiling the GraphQL module with tsc, the issue arises when running the express server with:

nodemon --watch './**/*.ts' --exec 'node --experimental-specifier-resolution=node --loader ts-node/esm' src/index.ts

The express server fails to handle the mongoose named import.

import { Types } from 'mongoose';
         ^^^^^
SyntaxError: Named export 'Types' not found. The requested module 'mongoose' is a CommonJS module, which may not support all module.exports as named exports.
CommonJS modules can always be imported via the default export, for example using:

import pkg from 'mongoose';
const { Types } = pkg;

Possible Fix #1

import mongoose from 'mongoose'

This entails replacing instances of Types with mongoose.Types.

Even though tsc handles the mongoose named import successfully, it's reasonable to assume that ts-node should also have this capability.

Possible Fix #2

An alternate approach would be shifting to commonjs. While I could retain the current import/export syntax within my GraphQL module and compile it as a cjs module, I'd be required to adopt cjs syntax in the express server - a scenario I prefer to avoid.

javascripttypescriptmongoosecommonjsecmascript-2020

Answer №1

Summary:

To simplify, just take out the curly braces from the Types when importing. This should resolve the issue. Here is an example:

import Types from 'mongoose'

Note that the specific name used for Types is not crucial.

Explanation:

The code import Types from 'mongoose' functions because it retrieves the package's default export (which explains why the variable name can be anything).

In contrast, using 

import * as Types from 'mongoose'
implies a desire for everything in its original form. This means rather than receiving the default export:

{
    "function1": {},
    "function2": {}
}

You will actually receive:

{
    "default": {
        "function1": {},
        "function2": {}
    }
}

Therefore, you could technically access this by using Types.default, although this may not be the most elegant solution. 🙂

A helpful reference found on StackOverflow explains how to make both approaches function, but also highlights potential drawbacks of using a workaround like this 😓

Answer №2

If you come across this issue while working with a mono-repo, ensure that the problematic module includes

"type": "module"

in its package.json.

It appears that Nodejs assumes packages are using commonjs by default, so you must specify that your package is a module.

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