The function "overloading" of the union type is not functioning properly

I attempted to "overload" a function by defining it as a union function type in order to have the type of the input parameter dictate the type of the `data` property in the returned object. However, this resulted in an error:

type FN1 = (a: string) => {data: string};
type FN2 = (b: number) => {data: number};
    
const fn: FN1 | FN2 = c => ({data: c});
    
fn('some string');
   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^  <= Argument of type 'string' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'.

The variable fn is inferred as

const fn: (arg0: never) => {data: string} | {data: number}

Why is the parameter being assigned as type never? Is there an alternative approach to achieve this?

Link to Sandbox

Answer №1

Using generics in this scenario is highly recommended as it allows for a more precise definition of the return type based on the input type.

If you want to accommodate any value, you can use the following function:

const fn = <T>(c: T): {data: T} => ({data: c});

Alternatively, if you only need to support string and number types, consider this approach:

const fn = <T extends string | number>(c: T): {data: T} => ({data: c});

Answer №2

If you have a specific requirement, one approach could be to use a simplistic function:

function customFunction<T>(input: T) {
  return { input };
}

Alternatively, you can achieve this with function overloading (please note that this may not work in your codesanbox due to an eslint error related to redeclaring functions, but it is valid in TypeScript):

function customFunction(data:string): {data: string};
function customFunction(data:number): {data: number};
function customFunction(data: any): any {
    return { data };
}

customFunction("a string");
customFunction(2);

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