The loop in Typescript is malfunctioning

Having an issue while trying to iterate over an array in Angular. Despite initializing and filling the array, the loop doesn't seem to work as expected.

The array is populated in the following manner. It is logged in the console to confirm that it has been successfully filled.

export class CarDetailsComponent implements OnInit, AfterViewInit {
  cars: Array<Car>;

  constructor(private carService: CarService) {}

  ngOnInit() {
      this.cars = this.carService.getCars();
      console.log(this.cars);
  }
}

The array is meant to be processed in ngAfterViewInit(). After confirming the array is not empty, the loop still fails to execute the console.log statement. Why might that be?

ngAfterViewInit() {
  console.log(this.cars);
  for (let i in this.cars) {
    console.log(i);
  }
}

Attempts to use for..of, this.cars.slice() and other methods yield the same unexpected result...

EDIT (addressing some suggestions in comments)

After implementing both log suggestions, it became apparent that the array is empty. The discrepancy between console.log(this.cars) showing a valid array and this.cars.length and JSON.stringify(this.cars) returning empty values is puzzling.

As a beginner, I am uncertain about the cause of this behavior. It may be related to the insights provided by @Ayman and @Codeepic.

https://i.sstatic.net/Uiaub.png

EDIT 2

In response to @Minko's inquiry, I believe the function is synchronous. Simplified, it looks like:

  getCars(): Array<Car> {
    var cars: Car[] = [];
    this.http.get('//localhost:8080/cars).subscribe(data => {
      for (let entry of <Array<any>>data) {
        cars.push(entry);
      }
    });
    return cars;
  }

Answer №1

fetchData.fetchUsers() function is executed asynchronously. The ngAfterViewInit lifecycle hook is triggered after the component's view has been initialized but before the fetchData.fetchUsers() function completes its execution. This explains why the console.log inside the for loop isn't displayed.

Answer №2

your approach

fetchCars(): Array<Car> {
    var cars: Car[] = [];
    this.http.get('//localhost:8080/cars).subscribe(data => {
      for (let entry of <Array<any>>data) {
        cars.push(entry);
      }
    });
    return cars;
  }

may likely result in an empty array being returned. This is due to the asynchronous nature of the http request, which may not have received the cars from the server yet by the time the function returns. To address this issue, you can utilize Promises.

fetchCars(): Promise<Car[]> {
    return new Promise (allLoadedFromServer => {
      var cars: Car[] = [];
      this.http.get('//localhost:8080/cars).subscribe(data => {
        for (let entry of <Array<any>>data) {
          cars.push(entry);
        }
        allLoadedFromServer(cars);
      });
    }
  }

With this implementation, you can now access the data as follows:

ngAfterViewInit() {
  this.fetchCars().then(data=>{
     this.cars = data;
     for (let car of this.cars) {
       console.log(car);
     }
   );
}

By using Promises, you should be able to retrieve the expected data successfully. Hope this explanation is helpful.

Answer №3

The reason for this occurrence is due to the fact that a HTTP call (GET request) is being made, and the response object is being used before receiving the answer. It is recommended to place your logic inside the subscribe function to ensure proper handling of the response.

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