Tips for defining a data structure that captures the type of keys and values associated with an object

Is there a way for the compiler to verify the type of value in this scenario?

type SomeType = {
  foo: string[];
  bar: number | null;
};

type SomeTypeChanges<K extends keyof SomeType = keyof SomeType> = {
  key: K;
  value: SomeType[K]
};

declare function baz(changes: SomeTypeChanges);

// There should be an error in both cases
baz({key: "foo", value: 1}); // type of value must be string[]
baz({key: "bar", value: ["a", "b"]}) // type of value must be number | null

This situation is actually more complex because I am exporting this from an external library:

export interface MyEvent<Payload> {
  (payload: Payload): Payload;
}
export declare function createEvent<E = void>(eventName?: string): MyEvent<E>;

I am trying to use it like this:

const myEvent = createEvent<SomeTypeChanges<keyof SomeType>>();
myEvent({ key: "foo", value: 1 });
                      ^^^^^

However, I am unable to add the type parameters to the function. This poses a challenge.

Answer №1

It is important to include the type parameters in the function definition. The function plays a crucial role in determining the inference at the call site. Just because the type is generic, it does not automatically trigger any inference unless explicitly specified. In this case, since there is a default value for K, no error will be thrown.

The following code snippet demonstrates expected behavior:

type SomeType = {
  foo: string[];
  bar: number | null;
};

type SomeTypeChanges<K extends keyof SomeType> = {
  key: K;
  value: SomeType[K]
};

declare function baz<K extends keyof SomeType>(changes: SomeTypeChanges<K>);

// Error should occur in both cases
baz({key: "foo", value: 1}); // err
baz({key: "bar", value: ["a", "b"]}) // err

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