Troubleshooting: Difficulty with Angular 2 TypeScript interface array functionality

Currently, I am developing an Angular 2 application where I aim to showcase messages by utilizing an interface and storing all the messages in an array. Below is a snippet of my TypeScript component that highlights this functionality:

export class ChatComponent
{
  messages: message[];
  constructor()
  {
    this.messages.push({from: 'me', time: new Date().getTime(), type: 'text', value: 'Hello World!', sent: new Date().getTime(), delivered: 0, read: 0});
  }
}

interface message
{
  from: string;
  time: number;
  type: string;
  value: string;
  sent: number;
  delivered: number;
  read: number;
}

Upon examination of the TypeScript configuration, everything appears to be in order. Displaying content within the template functioned perfectly well, as depicted below:

<div class = "message" *ngFor = "let message of messages">
  <div>{{message.value}}</div>
  <div>{{message.time}}</div>
</div>

Initially, when solely utilizing an array and populating it with objects, the setup worked seamlessly. However, upon implementing the message interface alongside the array, an error surfaced:

EXCEPTION: Error in :0:0 caused by: this.messages is undefined

This issue seems to stem from a minor oversight or misunderstanding on my end. Despite thorough research, I've been unable to pinpoint the root cause. But why exactly would this.messages be flagged as undefined?

Answer №1

It appears from your code that the messages array is not being properly initialized. The field is not being assigned a value before you try to set it, which will result in an error when the constructor is called. To resolve this issue, make sure to initialize the messages array before using this.messages.push. Here's how you can fix it:

export class ChatComponent
{
  messages: message[];
  constructor()
  {
    this.messages = [];
    this.messages.push({from: 'me', time: new Date().getTime(), type: 'text', value: 'Hello World!', sent: new Date().getTime(), delivered: 0, read: 0});
  }
}

Alternatively, you can simplify it like this:

export class ChatComponent
{
  messages: message[];
  constructor()
  {
    this.messages = [{from: 'me', time: new Date().getTime(), type: 'text', value: 'Hello World!', sent: new Date().getTime(), delivered: 0, read: 0}];
  }
}

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