Type assertion in Typescript does not function properly when attempting to assert a field object within a function

I am attempting to utilize a type assertion on an object field within a function and then use the asserted return object.

Here is an example:

interface MyInterface {
    abc: string;
}

type Abc = "A" | "B";

function assertAbc(v: string): asserts v is Abc {
    if (!["A", "B"].includes(v)) {
        throw Error();
    }
};

const needAbc = (_: Abc) => true;

const shouldBeWithAbcType = () => {
    const myObj: MyInterface = { abc: "A" };

    // Everything that comes after this should be an object with abc as type
    assertAbc(myObj.abc);

    // This works as intended, abc is of type Abc
    needAbc(myObj.abc);

    // Return the object
    return myObj;
}

const c = shouldBeWithAbcType();

// c.abc is a string, so this doesn't work, why ?
needAbc(c.abc);

Why does needAbc(c.abc) not work?

The TypeScript playground with the example here

The same example, but without the object (returning the Abc type), works though.

Answer №1

If you want to check the type of a value in TypeScript, you can utilize Type Guards. Personally, I believe that using the asserts keyword is not necessary. Remember, a type guard function should always return a boolean to indicate whether the input matches the expected type or not.

function isAbc(value: string): value is Abc {
    if (!["A", "B"].includes(value)) {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

Check out this Playground for experimentation.

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