TypeScript: manipulating generics T and U

Currently, I am in the process of developing a library with the following API structure:

export var reduce = <T, U>(
  tArray: T[],
  tReducer: (current: U, tItem: T, index: number, tArray: T[]) => U,
  options: IChunkifyOptions = DEFAULT_OPTIONS,
  memo?: U
): Promise<U>

In this implementation, similar to the standard JavaScript reduce method, the first item of tArray is utilized as the default value for memo if one is not provided.

if (memo === undefined) {
  memo = tArray[0]; // Type 'T' is not assignable to Type 'U'
}

Attempting to cast (<U>) results in the error message,

Neither Type 'T' nor Type 'U' is assignable to the other.

I am currently seeking feedback on how best to refine and define the API.

Answer №1

The problem lies in the fact that T cannot be assigned to U, as the error message indicates. Here's what's happening...

In this scenario, if memo is not defined, then it should be assigned the first item in the array tArray

if (memo === undefined) {
  memo = tArray[0]; 
}

You have specified that memo is of type U, but you are trying to give it a value of type T

T !== U, which results in the error being thrown.

While it might seem like a quick fix to simply cast them using

memo = <U><any>tArray[0]
, it's essential to consider why this workaround is needed

What exactly do you want memo to represent? How would it behave with different inputs?

reduce<Car, Watermelon>(...)

It seems possible that your intention for memo is actually to be of type T | U. Perhaps T extends U?

Pursuing the <U><any> approach could introduce numerous unexpected runtime issues and make debugging harder as your project grows. Before opting for the easy way out with <U><any>, I suggest revisiting the intended behavior you desire.

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