TypeScript's type hinting functionality is reminiscent of the way `document.createElement` works

In my project, I am in the process of developing a custom DOM with unique nodes. I want to create a method similar to createElement which will take the nodeName as an argument and return an instance of the corresponding Node.

import { Node } from "./tree";

export class DOM
{
    private defs: Record<string, new () => Node>;

    constructor(nodeDefs: Record<string, new () => Node>)
    {
        for (const [nodeName, NodePrototype] of Object.entries(nodeDefs))
            this.defs[nodeName] = NodePrototype;
    }

    create(nodeName: keyof typeof this.defs)
    {
        const newNode = new this.defs[nodeName]();
        newNode.name = nodeName;

        return newNode;
    }
}

The current code functions properly, but I find that it lacks hints about available node names and the return type is always just Node, rather than the specific type of node being created.

How can I modify the above code to ensure accurate and helpful hints during development?

const dom = new DOM({
    paragraph: Paragraph,
    text: Text
});

const myP = dom.create('paragraph'); // Accurate type hints now provided!

Answer №1

Let's enhance the flexibility of your DOM class by making the create method more generic:

type InstanceTypeOf<T> = T extends new () => infer I ? I : never; // extracting type from a constructor

export class CustomDOM<T extends Record<string, new () => Node>> { // Using a generic T to infer constructor parameters
  private readonly definitions: T = {} as T;

  constructor(nodeDefinitions: T) {
    for (const [nodeName, NodePrototype] of Object.entries(nodeDefinitions) as Array<[keyof T, T[string]]>) { // Fixing typing error
      this.definitions[nodeName] = NodePrototype;
    }
  }

  create<K extends Extract<keyof T, string>>(nodeName: K) { // Making the method more generic and inferring by nodeName type
    const newNode = new this.definitions[nodeName]();
    newNode.name = nodeName;

    return newNode as InstanceTypeOf<T[K]>; // Casting to specific instance type
  }
}

const customDom = new CustomDOM({
  title: Title,
  image: Image,
});

const t = customDom.create('title');
//    ?^ const t: Title

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